How to Make the High School Football Team: What Coaches Actually Want

What You’re Actually Competing For (JV, Varsity, and Freshman Teams Explained)

Before you run a single drill, understand the landscape. Most high schools field two or three separate rosters, and which one you’re targeting changes everything about how you prepare.

Varsity is the top level — the Friday night games, the film sessions, the college scouts in the stands. Coaches fill it with the most physically developed and skilled players available. Seniors almost always land on varsity by default; underclassmen have to earn it. Junior varsity (JV) is where 9th and 10th graders develop before they’re ready to compete at the varsity level. It’s not a consolation prize — players like Patrick Mahomes and Russell Wilson spent time developing before anyone considered them elite. Freshman-only teams, offered by larger schools, exist specifically so new players can learn without getting physically overwhelmed.

Level	Typical Grades	Primary Goal	Physical Expectation
Freshman	9th	Learn fundamentals	Low — raw athleticism matters more than skill
JV	9th–11th	Develop toward varsity	Moderate — technique starts to matter
Varsity	10th–12th (any grade with talent)	Compete to win	High — speed, strength, football IQ

The NFHS (National Federation of State High School Associations) reports that over 1 million players suit up across roughly 13,788 high school football programs in the U.S. every year — making it the most-participated male high school sport in the country. In schools with freshman and JV programs, the bar to get on a roster is lower than most people think. The real competition is for playing time and varsity placement.

One thing most coaches will confirm off the record: they’d rather have a motivated kid who’s coachable on JV than a talented kid with a bad attitude on varsity. Know which team you’re shooting for, then work backwards from there.

The Earlier You Start, The Better — But It’s Never Too Late

Players who’ve been running routes since peewee leagues have a real advantage — they’ve already internalized the game’s rhythm, terminology, and physicality. But coaches see late starters make rosters every single season, especially at schools with freshman or JV programs.

If you played organized football before high school, your job is to sharpen, not start from scratch. If you’re coming in cold, your job is different: identify transferable athletic skills you already have and learn the game’s basics as fast as possible.

Why Multi-Sport Athletes Make Better Football Players

This isn’t a motivational talking point — it’s what coaches have observed for decades. Players who competed in basketball, wrestling, track, or soccer consistently adapt to football faster than their peers, and the reasons are specific:

• Basketball develops court (field) vision, lateral quickness, and the ability to read defenders — skills that translate almost directly to wide receiver and defensive back play.
• Wrestling builds the hip strength, leverage mechanics, and hand-fighting instincts that offensive and defensive linemen spend years trying to learn. A wrestler who’s never played football can often pick up blocking and tackling technique in a single offseason.
• Track (sprints or hurdles) develops the raw speed and acceleration mechanics that separate good skill-position players from great ones.
• Soccer builds cardiovascular conditioning and spatial awareness that makes defensive players especially effective.

The two-time Wisconsin state championship coach Steve Rux said it plainly: players who compete in other sports “are not afraid of competition on the football field because they experience it all the time.” They don’t rattle when the game is on the line. That composure is genuinely hard to teach.

Getting Up to Speed When You’ve Never Played Organized Football

If you’re starting from zero, the fastest way to close the gap isn’t a training montage — it’s reps in game-like situations. Here’s what works:

• 7-on-7 leagues: These passing-focused leagues run in the spring and summer, require no equipment, and are open to players of all experience levels. They teach route running, coverage, spacing, and timing faster than any drill.
• Flag football: If organized leagues aren’t accessible, flag football pickup games still build football IQ — reading defenses, understanding spacing, running basic concepts.
• Film study: Watching NFL or college games with the intent to understand a specific position — not just enjoy the game — accelerates learning dramatically. Focus on one player per game: follow the left tackle the entire play, or watch only the safety.
• Talk to the coaching staff early: Many high school coaches will meet with interested players before tryouts to give position guidance and explain what they’re looking for. Most coaches appreciate the initiative.

Train Like You Already Made the Team

The players who walk into tryouts already in football shape have a massive built-in advantage. Coaches evaluate dozens of players simultaneously, and fatigue is one of the fastest ways to get mentally crossed off the list. The last 10 minutes of a tryout reveal more than the first 10 — players who are still running hard at the end stand out immediately.

The training year breaks into four phases:

1. Off-season (December–February): Pure strength building. Squat, deadlift, bench, power clean. Three to four sessions per week. This is when you add the muscle that will protect you through a full season.
2. Spring (March–May): Transition to explosive work. Olympic lifts, plyometrics, sprint mechanics. Spring football (if your school offers it) provides crucial reps and a chance to get on the coaching staff’s radar before the summer.
3. Summer (June–August): Football-specific conditioning plus camp attendance. Mix position-specific skill work with team sessions. Running 40-yard dashes and route trees becomes as routine as eating lunch.
4. Pre-tryout peak (2–3 weeks out): Reduce training volume, maintain intensity. You want to show up fresh, not exhausted from overtraining.

Position Group	Target 40-Yard Dash	Bench Press (reps at 185 lbs)	Vertical Jump
Skill (WR, DB, RB)	4.5–4.8 sec	8–12 reps	28–34 in
Quarterback	4.7–5.0 sec	10–14 reps	26–30 in
Linebacker / TE	4.7–5.1 sec	14–18 reps	26–32 in
Offensive / Defensive Line	5.0–5.5 sec	18–25+ reps	20–26 in

These are realistic high school benchmarks, not NFL combine numbers. Don’t let them intimidate you — use them to identify which physical traits need the most work before tryout day.

Strength and Speed: Build Both, Neglect Neither

Most high school players make the mistake of only doing one or the other — either they lift heavy and ignore their conditioning, or they run constantly and never get stronger. Football requires both, and the ratio depends on your position.

For speed development, two approaches consistently work at the high school level: resisted sprint training (using a sled or parachute for 10–20 yards, then releasing for a fly sprint) and acceleration mechanics work (pushing out of a three-point stance or block-start position). Resisted sprints have been shown in multiple sports science studies to improve 40-yard dash times by 0.1–0.2 seconds over an 8-week training block — at the high school level, that gap can determine whether you’re lining up at receiver or sitting in the stands.

For strength, the three lifts that transfer most directly to football performance are the power clean (develops the hip explosion used in blocking and tackling), back squat (builds the lower body base that makes everything else possible), and bench press (commonly tested at high school combines). Commit to progressive overload — add weight or reps each week rather than just maintaining.

Summer Football Camps: Find One, Go to One

Summer football camps — most commonly run by universities or large high school programs — are one of the most underused tools available to aspiring players. They aren’t tryouts. The point isn’t to outshine other campers from different schools. The point is reps under actual coaching, with feedback you won’t get anywhere else.

To find camps near you, contact your school’s athletic department directly. Most coaches maintain a list of local and regional camps and can recommend ones that match your position and skill level. University camps (many D-I and D-II programs run weeklong or overnight camps) often cost $200–$500 but provide a level of coaching instruction that’s hard to replicate. One-day position-specific clinics are typically cheaper and still highly valuable.

If money is a barrier, ask about financial assistance — many programs offer spots for players who demonstrate need, and some state athletic associations run free or subsidized skill development days specifically for underserved athletes.

Private Coaching: Worth It If You’re Strategic About It

Position-specific private coaching can accelerate development dramatically — but only if you’re specific about what you’re working on. A quarterback coach who focuses on footwork and throwing mechanics can fix technical issues in a handful of sessions that a player might otherwise carry for years. A defensive back coach can teach press coverage technique that took college players two seasons to learn.

The key is identifying a genuine weakness before paying for sessions. If you’re a wide receiver who drops too many balls, a catching coach who uses JUGS machine reps and hand technique drills is worth every dollar. If you’re generally athletic but inexperienced, a general skills session is probably less valuable than just getting more practice reps in 7-on-7 leagues.

Aim for two to three sessions per month in the off-season with a specific, measurable goal in mind — not vague “improvement.” Good coaches will tell you exactly what they’re targeting and how they’ll know when you’ve fixed it.

Pick the Right Position Before Tryouts Start

One of the most common tryout mistakes is showing up without a position in mind — or worse, showing up insisting on a position that doesn’t fit your physical profile. Coaches notice self-awareness. A player who understands his own athletic profile and lines up at the right position signals football IQ before a single snap is run.

At most high school tryouts, coaches will sort players into position groups early based partly on physical appearance. If you show up at 5’8″ and 155 pounds asking to try out at offensive tackle, you’ve already created friction before demonstrating anything.

Position	Ideal Height	Ideal Weight (HS)	Key Physical Trait	Football IQ Demand
Quarterback	6’0″–6’4″	170–210 lbs	Arm strength + accuracy	Very High
Running Back	5’8″–6’1″	175–210 lbs	Vision + burst speed	High
Wide Receiver	5’9″–6’3″	155–195 lbs	Speed + hands	High
Tight End	6’1″–6’5″	210–250 lbs	Blocking + receiving	High
Offensive Lineman	6’0″–6’5″	240–300 lbs	Strength + leverage	Moderate
Defensive End	6’1″–6’4″	210–260 lbs	Explosion off the line	Moderate
Linebacker	5’11″–6’3″	200–240 lbs	Instincts + tackling	High
Cornerback	5’9″–6’1″	160–190 lbs	Speed + coverage skills	High
Safety	5’10″–6’2″	185–215 lbs	Range + ball-hawking	Very High
Kicker / Punter	Any	Any	Leg strength + accuracy	Low-Moderate

Don’t overlook the kicker and punter spots. Hall of Fame coach George Allen famously argued that special teams account for a full one-third of the game — and most high school programs are desperately short on players willing to dedicate time to kicking. If you have a strong leg and no obvious offensive or defensive position, specializing as a kicker can put you on a varsity roster that a more versatile player might not crack.

What Coaches Are Actually Evaluating at Tryouts

Every experienced coach evaluates players on three broad categories — and raw talent is only one of them. Coaches who’ve run programs for 10+ years will tell you that athleticism separates players at the professional level; at the high school level, attitude and coachability separate players far more often.

The three pillars coaches use:

• Physical ability: Speed, strength, size, coordination. Observable within the first hour.
• Coachability: Does the player listen, make corrections quickly, and ask intelligent questions? Observable across the whole tryout.
• Character: How does the player behave between drills? With teammates? After a mistake? Observable in the moments most players think don’t count.

The character piece is chronically underestimated. Coaches are watching when you’re standing in line. They see whether you clap for a teammate who makes a good play. They notice when you jog in from the far cone versus sprint. Those observations go directly into the mental evaluation alongside 40-yard dash times.

The Physical Evaluation: What Each Drill Is Actually Measuring

High school football tryouts typically run three to four hours, divided into position-group work and combined team activities. Here’s what coaches are actually looking for in the most common tryout drills:

• 40-yard dash: Raw speed, but also acceleration out of the starting position — the first 10 yards tell coaches more than the final 30.
• Blocking sled (linemen): From a three-point stance, explode into the sled and drive it backward for several yards. Coaches are measuring hip explosion, hand placement, and pad level — not just whether you can move the sled.
• Route running (receivers): Precise cuts at the correct depth, catching with hands rather than body, and separation from coverage. A player who runs sloppy routes but has blazing speed still gets marked down.
• QB throwing session: Coaches assess accuracy, velocity, footwork, and how the quarterback reads a progression — not just arm strength. They’ll run simulated plays, not just standalone throws.
• 7-on-7 or team scrimmage: The most revealing part of tryouts. Coaches watch decision-making under pressure, whether players know their assignments, and how they respond to mistakes in real time.

According to tryout evaluation specialists at TeamGenius, the most predictive tryout drills are position-specific footwork and agility tests — not generic conditioning tests. Random fitness challenges that don’t simulate football movements are less useful for coaches than watching a player execute an actual technique under pressure.

Coachability: The Intangible That Coaches Value Most

Coachability is the ability to receive a correction and immediately apply it — not to defend yourself, not to nod and do the same thing again, but to actually change your behavior on the next rep. It sounds simple. It’s surprisingly rare.

The behaviors coaches associate with coachability at tryouts:

• Making eye contact when a coach gives instruction
• Saying “yes coach” or nodding clearly to confirm understanding
• Executing the corrected version on the very next rep — not three reps later
• Asking a clarifying question when genuinely confused (not as an excuse)
• Staying positive after a mistake instead of sulking or making excuses

An uncoachable player with a 4.4 forty is a liability. A coachable player with a 4.9 forty is an asset. This isn’t just motivational rhetoric — coaches have finite time, and they prioritize players who translate coaching into improvement quickly.

How to Stand Out When Your Skill Level Is Average

Most players at any tryout have similar skill levels. What separates the players coaches remember are the behavioral details that signal serious intent. These aren’t tricks — they’re genuine competitive advantages:

• Arrive 15 minutes early, not on time. Use that time to warm up independently, introduce yourself to a coach by name, and get physically ready before you’re told to.
• Wear something distinctive with your name on it. Coaches evaluate dozens of players simultaneously. A jersey with your name or a uniquely colored shirt means your standout plays get attached to a name, not just a number.
• Be first in line to every drill. Players who hang back while others go first are subtly communicating hesitancy. Players who step up first communicate confidence and eagerness.
• Cheer for other players. Loudly and genuinely. This is team-building behavior that coaches notice immediately — and it costs you nothing athletically.
• Sprint to and from every line. Between drills, when no one is being “officially” evaluated, sprint anyway. Every single time. Coaches see this.
• Stay late to help pack up equipment. A small gesture that signals program-first mentality.

Academic Eligibility: The Rule That Cuts Players Every Season

Every season, talented players who earned roster spots lose them — not because of anything that happened on the field, but because of what happened in the classroom. Academic eligibility rules are non-negotiable, and they apply regardless of how good you are.

The NFHS sets baseline eligibility standards, but individual states and districts often add stricter requirements. In most states, the minimum is a 2.0 GPA with no failing grades in the previous semester. Some districts require passing all enrolled courses simultaneously throughout the season — meaning a single failing grade mid-semester can pull you from the roster immediately.

Before tryouts, confirm the exact eligibility requirements with your school’s athletic director. Don’t assume you know the rules. Then build academic habits that make staying eligible automatic:

• Use your school’s tutoring center during the season — most programs offer free sessions specifically for student-athletes
• Communicate proactively with teachers if a class is getting difficult. Coaches notice which players manage their responsibilities and which ones let things slide
• Build a weekly study schedule during the off-season that becomes routine before the season starts — it’s much harder to build new habits once two-a-days begin

There’s also a practical reason beyond eligibility: the same organizational discipline required to maintain a 3.0 GPA while training — managing time, prioritizing tasks, meeting deadlines — directly translates to learning and executing a playbook. Coaches know this, which is why academic performance is part of their informal evaluation even when it isn’t formally scored at tryouts.

Tryout Day: Everything You Do Before the First Whistle Matters

By the time tryout day arrives, the physical preparation is done. What you control on tryout day is execution and presentation — and a few logistics decisions can meaningfully affect how coaches perceive you.

The Night Before and Morning Routine

Don’t change anything about your normal routine the day of tryouts. Eat what you always eat for breakfast. Sleep the same amount you normally sleep. One of the most common self-sabotage moves is eating something unfamiliar or changing up a training habit right before tryouts out of nerves — and ending up with an upset stomach or feeling sluggish.

The one exception: if you’ve been sleep-deprived in the week leading up to tryouts, give yourself an extra hour when possible. Research published in the journal Sleep found that athletes who extended sleep to 10 hours per night for multiple weeks showed measurable improvements in sprint speed, reaction time, and accuracy. A few extra days of good sleep before tryouts genuinely moves the needle.

The night before, visualize your tryout specifically. Run through the drills in your mind. Picture yourself exploding out of a three-point stance, or sprinting through a route, or making the tackle. Visualization isn’t mysticism — it activates the same neural pathways as physical practice and has been used systematically by professional athletes and Olympic teams for decades.

What to Wear and Bring

Most tryouts start in shorts and t-shirts before pads are involved. Bring:

• Cleats that fit well and that you’ve broken in — not brand new ones
• A mouthguard (even at non-contact tryouts, some coaches require them)
• A jersey or shirt with your name visible — either a nameplate jersey or a shirt with your name written clearly on a strip of athletic tape on the back
• Water bottle — large enough for a three-to-four-hour session
• Light snack (granola bar, banana) in your bag in case tryouts run long
• Pen and small notebook — players who write down coaching cues during breaks are noticed

How to Handle Nerves

Tryout anxiety is universal — even returning players feel it. The physical symptoms (elevated heart rate, excessive sweating, nervous energy) are your body’s performance response, not a malfunction. The goal isn’t to eliminate nerves; it’s to channel them into focus.

Three tactics that work at the high school level:

1. Focus on what you can control. You can control your effort, your attitude, your body language, and your preparation. You can’t control who else shows up or what the coaches already think. Redirect mental energy toward controllables only.
2. Use a cue phrase. A short, personal phrase said internally before each drill — something like “attack the line” or “fast feet, loose hands” — creates a mental anchor that brings your attention to the task and away from self-consciousness.
3. Accept mistakes in advance. Every player at every tryout makes mistakes. Coaches know this. What separates players isn’t a mistake-free tryout — it’s the body language and the next rep after a mistake. If you accept in advance that you’ll make errors and plan to respond to them with positive body language, the mistake becomes neutral information rather than a crisis.

Do This at Tryouts	Never Do This at Tryouts
Sprint to every line	Jog or walk between drills
Introduce yourself to coaches by name	Wait for coaches to notice you
Cheer vocally for other players	Stay silent or make negative comments
Ask clarifying questions about drills	Execute incorrectly because you were afraid to ask
Stay positive after a mistake	Hang your head or show frustration visibly
Volunteer for every drill	Hesitate or wait for others to go first
Stay late after tryouts	Leave the second you’re dismissed

If You Don’t Make the Team — What Actually Happens Next

Getting cut hurts. There’s no way to talk around that. But the response to getting cut is often more revealing — and more consequential — than the tryout itself.

Within 24 to 48 hours of finding out, request a meeting with the head coach or position coach and ask one simple question: “What specifically do I need to work on to make this team?” Most coaches will give you an honest answer if you ask directly and without defensiveness. That answer is more valuable than any generic training advice — it’s a road map with a specific destination.

Tom Brady wasn’t a consensus prospect until his junior year at Michigan. He wasn’t drafted until the sixth round — 199th overall — after being labeled too slow and too slight to play at the NFL level. That’s not a motivational fable; it’s a documented recruiting history. The evaluators who cut or overlooked Brady were using the same metrics high school coaches use. Being cut is a data point. It is not a verdict.

Practical steps in the 30 days after getting cut:

1. Ask for specific feedback from the coaching staff and write it down
2. Return to training within a week — the sooner you redirect the energy, the better
3. Identify one or two specific weaknesses to address before the next tryout cycle
4. Attend spring football sessions if your school offers them — this is a direct second audition in front of the same coaches
5. Consider a 7-on-7 league or football camp to maintain reps and football IQ in the off-season
6. Show up to home games to demonstrate genuine program investment — coaches notice who’s in the stands

Schools with freshman and JV programs often see players who were cut from one level make the team the following year through nothing more than off-season work and a change in conditioning level. The roster isn’t a permanent door — it’s a seasonal evaluation that resets every year.

Once You’re On the Roster: From Making the Team to Earning Playing Time

Making the roster is step one. Playing time and a starting position are a separate — and ongoing — competition. Players who treat being rostered as the finish line rarely last beyond their first season. The players who thrive understand that every practice is another tryout for playing time.

Earning your way into the starting lineup works the same way making the team did — consistent effort, demonstrated improvement, and showing coaches that you know your assignments well enough to execute them under game pressure. Learn the playbook faster than anyone expects you to. Ask to watch extra film. Offer to come in early before practice to work on your specific technique.

If college football is your goal, the recruiting process starts earlier than most high school players realize. The NCSA (National Collegiate Scouting Association) recommends initiating contact with college programs as early as freshman year — before the rules that limit how coaches can contact you fully kick in. A few specific actions that matter:

• Start building a recruiting profile on NCSA or a similar platform before junior year
• Film your games starting freshman year — a recruiting video assembled from four years of footage is far more compelling than one assembled from a single season
• Email college coaches directly — introduce yourself with your stats, position, GPA, and a link to film. College coaches are allowed to receive emails even from freshmen; they just can’t respond until specific dates under NCAA rules
• Attend college camps at programs you’re interested in — this is one of the few legal ways to get directly in front of a college coaching staff before the contact window opens

According to NCSA data, over 1 million high school football players compete annually, while roughly 73,000 NCAA football roster spots exist across all three divisions. That means about 7% of high school players go on to play college football at any level. The path exists — but it starts with the work described throughout this guide, beginning long before tryout day.

The 4-3 Defense Explained: Formation, Roles, and Why It Dominates Football

Four defensive linemen. Three linebackers. One of the most copied schemes in the history of the sport. The 4-3 has been the default base defense in American football for over 60 years — at the NFL level, in college, and at youth programs where coaches are installing their first playbook. Understanding it means understanding how defense works at a fundamental level.

Where the Numbers Come From

The name is just arithmetic. Four down linemen on the line of scrimmage. Three linebackers lined up behind them. The remaining four spots go to defensive backs — two cornerbacks and two safeties. That’s your 11.

The “4” and the “3” tell you where a team concentrates its resources. Put four bodies on the line and you get more immediate run-stopping muscle and a reliable four-man pass rush. Keep three linebackers instead of four means each one has to cover more ground, but you gain a fourth defensive back who gives you better options in pass coverage.

Contrast that with the 3-4 defense, which flips those numbers: three linemen, four linebackers. The 3-4 trades predictable run-gap control for pass-rush unpredictability. Neither is objectively better. The question is always what your personnel can execute.

Gap Control Is the Whole Point

The gaps are the spaces between offensive linemen. Between the center and each guard is the A gap, left and right. Between each guard and each tackle is the B gap. Outside each tackle is the C gap, and outside the tight end (if there is one) is the D gap.

There are eight gaps total — four on each side. The 4-3 assigns each defender a specific gap to own before the snap. No guessing, no freelancing. If a running back finds a hole, someone failed their assignment.

This is why it’s teachable. A youth coach can install the 4-3 in a single practice by drilling each player on one simple question: which gap is mine? The sophistication comes later, with stunts, coverage adjustments, and blitz packages. But the foundation is just: know your gap, attack your gap, make the tackle.

The Four Defensive Linemen

Two defensive ends. Two defensive tackles. They’re not interchangeable.

The defensive ends line up outside the offensive tackles, typically in what coaches call the 5-technique — head up or on the outside shoulder of the tackle. Their job on run plays is to set the edge, meaning they cannot let a runner get around them to the outside. On passing plays, they rush the passer with a speed advantage over the heavier offensive tackle.

Because 4-3 ends only have one gap responsibility, they tend to be smaller and quicker than 3-4 ends. An ideal 4-3 defensive end runs somewhere between 265 and 295 pounds. They don’t need to hold two gaps the way a 3-4 lineman does, so the premium is on burst off the ball and the ability to win one-on-one matchups.

The two interior tackles are where things get interesting.

One tackle plays the 1-technique — lined up on either the center’s outside shoulder or directly over him. This player’s job is to command double teams. He draws two blockers, which frees up everyone else. He doesn’t have to be flashy. He has to be immovable.

The other tackle plays the 3-technique — outside shoulder of the guard, with a one-on-one block against that guard in most situations. This position is widely considered the most important in the entire defense. When the 3-technique gets a clean block from a single guard, he becomes a pressure source up the middle of the pocket. Warren Sapp made a Hall of Fame career in that spot. Aaron Donald turned it into the most dominant individual defensive performance the NFL has seen in decades.

The math works like this: the 1-tech draws the double team, leaving the 3-tech a true one-on-one. On a passing down, a great 3-tech against an average guard is a mismatch the offense cannot block conventionally.

Sam, Mike, and Will

The three linebacker positions each have a name, a side of the field, and a set of responsibilities that don’t overlap much.

Mike is the middle linebacker. He lines up over the center, reads the offense pre-snap, calls adjustments for the rest of the defense, and hits everything that moves. He needs to be physical enough to take on a pulling guard in the hole and fast enough to drop into the flat and cover a running back on a wheel route. That combination is rare. When a team has a great Mike, the defense runs. When it doesn’t, it shows.

Sam is the strong-side linebacker, aligned to the tight end side. Because tight ends block on run plays and release into routes on passing plays, the Sam has to handle both — shed a 250-pound blocker, then turn around and mirror a 245-pound athletic tight end on a corner route. Sam linebackers skew larger for this reason. They’re asked to be physical at the point of attack more often than they’re asked to cover sideline to sideline.

Will is the weak-side linebacker, on the side without the tight end. He gets more space, which means more freedom — and more coverage responsibility. Will linebackers blitz more often than the others, attack screens and reverses to the weak side, and frequently draw matchups against running backs in the passing game. A lot of Will linebackers in the NFL are former safeties. The coverage burden pushed teams toward smaller, faster players at that spot, and the player pool followed.

One way to remember the naming: Sam = Strong side. Will = Weak side. Mike = Middle. It’s not subtle, but it works as a memory anchor.

The Secondary in the Base 4-3

Two cornerbacks and two safeties round out the 11 starters.

Corners line up across from wide receivers, typically 3 to 5 yards off the line of scrimmage at the snap. Within the first five yards of the route, they’re allowed to jam the receiver — interrupt the timing, change the path, disrupt the pattern. Beyond five yards, they can only play the ball.

The safeties split into free safety and strong safety in most base 4-3 setups. The strong safety plays closer to the box and supports run defense. The free safety plays deeper and serves as the last line of pass defense. In Cover 2 — the most natural pairing with a 4-3 front — both safeties play roughly 12 to 15 yards deep and split the deep field in half.

Having four defensive backs in the base package is a meaningful advantage. A 3-4 base defense typically plays with four as well, but the 4-3’s secondary benefits from a simpler assignment structure at the linebacker level — the linebackers have more defined coverage zones, which makes it easier to build consistent coverage responsibilities for the corners and safeties.

The Over Front and the Under Front

The base 4-3 puts linemen in what most coaches call even alignment — tackles over the guards, ends outside the tackles. But two variations get more reps at the NFL level than the base look ever does.

In the 4-3 Over, the defensive line shifts toward the strong side (tight end side). The 3-tech tackle moves to the strongside B gap, the strongside end shifts out to head up the tight end, and the linebackers adjust their gap responsibilities accordingly. The effect is concentrated pressure to the strength of the formation, making it harder for offenses to run power plays toward the tight end.

The 4-3 Under flips that logic. The line shifts toward the weak side. The 3-tech tackle lines up to the weak side, creating a natural one-on-one against the weakside guard. The weakside defensive end gets a favorable rush lane off the edge. The Sam linebacker, now without a lineman in front of him on the strong side, becomes a more active force at the point of attack.

The Seattle Seahawks ran the Under extensively during their 2013-2014 peak. Their defensive ends — especially Michael Bennett and Cliff Avril — got clean rush lanes because the Under front created predictable one-on-one matchups at the edge. The “Legion of Boom” secondary gets most of the historical credit, but the Under front doing its job in front of them was what made those pass rushes so consistent.

A coach choosing between Over and Under is usually making a decision based on personnel, not preference. If your best lineman is a weakside 3-tech, run the Under and let him loose. If your strongside end can bully a tight end off the ball, the Over creates the right conditions for him.

Coverage Out of the 4-3

The formation sets the front. Coverage determines what happens in the back end after the snap.

Cover 2 is the most common pairing with the 4-3. Both safeties drop to 12-15 yard depth and split the deep field. The cornerbacks take short outside zones. The three linebackers cover the hook and curl zones in the middle. The four linemen rush.

It’s clean, teachable, and leaves the offense with two ways to attack it: the seam route between the corner’s zone and the safety’s deep half, and the deep middle where the two safeties’ zones meet. The Mike linebacker is often asked to drop into the deep middle to help with that second weakness, which is one version of the Tampa 2.

The Tampa 2 became famous because Tony Dungy and Monte Kiffin ran it with the Buccaneers through the late 1990s, then won a Super Bowl with it in 2003. The key adjustment is that the Mike linebacker drops 15 to 20 yards into the deep middle, essentially becoming a third deep defender. The corners and safeties handle their Cover 2 zones. The linebackers cover short. Mike covers deep middle.

It requires an unusually athletic middle linebacker and a defensive line that can generate pressure without help — because you’re only rushing four men. With Simeon Rice getting to the quarterback in four seconds, the coverage worked. Without that pass rush, the deep drops leave the front four on an island.

Cover 1 is man coverage with a single high safety over the top providing help. Corners match up one-on-one with wide receivers. The Mike or Will usually covers the running back out of the backfield. It’s aggressive and works when your corners can win individual matchups. When they can’t, there’s no zone help behind them.

Cover 3 brings one safety down closer to the line and gives you three defenders splitting the deep field — both safeties and one corner rotating to cover deep thirds, with the other corner and linebackers underneath. It’s a useful run-defense adjustment because you’ve added a box defender without changing the front.

Cover 4, sometimes called Quarters, has all four defensive backs each responsible for a quarter of the deep field. It takes away vertical routes aggressively and is common on third and long, where you’re protecting against giving up a chunk play.

A useful way to think about coverage choice: more defenders in the box means better run stopping and worse pass defense. More defenders in the secondary means the opposite. Coverage selection is a coach deciding, on every snap, where the defense is willing to be beat.

Blitzing From the 4-3

Bringing a fifth rusher changes the math of pass protection. An offensive line has five blockers. Four rushers, and the line wins by sheer numbers. Add a fifth rusher and someone goes unblocked — unless the offense slides protection or gets a running back involved.

The most common 4-3 blitz sends the Will linebacker off the weak edge as the fifth man. When the weakside defensive end slants inside to the B gap at the same time, the Will has a clean path to the quarterback because the offensive tackle followed the end inside. It works with basic execution and it doesn’t require exotic personnel.

Sam blitzes are effective against teams that like to run to the strong side. If the Sam comes on a run blitz, he attacks the C or D gap before the offense can get its pulling guard or tight end in position to block him.

The tradeoff is coverage. Every extra rusher is a defender taken out of the secondary or out of linebacker coverage zones. Blitzing the Will means someone else has to pick up his coverage responsibility — usually a safety rotating down or a corner working a zone adjustment. Blitzes get to the quarterback, but they can also give up big plays if the coverage behind them breaks down.

Defensive line stunts don’t change the number of rushers but change their angles. A tackle and end can run a twist — the tackle penetrates inside first, the end loops around behind him — to create confusion in the protection. Well-timed stunts can get a free rusher without the coverage risk of a linebacker blitz.

Where the 4-3 Gets Beat

The scheme has real vulnerabilities that modern offenses have spent decades learning to exploit.

Spread offenses are the most consistent problem. When an offense aligns four wide receivers and no tight end, the Sam linebacker has to leave the box and match up in coverage against a slot receiver or a wide receiver. That’s a mismatch most teams can’t survive. Sam was built to fill gaps and cover tight ends. A 175-pound slot receiver running a slant-flat combination against him is a different problem entirely.

The standard answer is to go to nickel personnel — sub out the Sam for a fifth defensive back. Most 4-3 teams do exactly that against obvious passing situations. But nickel personnel makes the run defense thinner, and good offensive coordinators run the ball when they see five defensive backs on the field.

The other weakness is predictability. Because every player has a defined gap assignment, experienced quarterbacks can identify the coverage pre-snap with some reliability. A 3-4 defense, where the outside linebackers might blitz, drop, or stunt on any given play, forces the quarterback to solve a harder problem before the snap. The 4-3 is more transparent.

Interior pass rush is also harder to generate against sophisticated protection schemes. The 1-tech tackle, by design, draws a double team. The 3-tech gets his one-on-one, but if the offensive guard is athletic enough to slow him down, the pocket holds and the quarterback has time. Without dominant interior linemen, 4-3 teams often need creative blitz designs to generate consistent pressure.

4-3 vs. 3-4: What Actually Differs

The structural difference is well-known — four linemen versus three, three linebackers versus four. The functional difference is where pressure originates.

In the 4-3, pass rush comes primarily from the defensive line. The linebackers blitz, but that’s supplemental. The base expectation is that four linemen win enough one-on-one battles to make the quarterback uncomfortable.

In the 3-4, the three linemen occupy blockers and the outside linebackers generate the primary pass rush. Those outside linebackers can line up in unpredictable positions, walk up to the line before the snap, and drop into coverage — making it very hard for the offense to identify where the pressure is coming from.

Personnel needs are different too. The 4-3 needs a dominant 3-technique tackle and two defensive ends with reliable pass-rush ability. The 3-4 needs a massive nose tackle who can occupy two blockers on every single down and two outside linebackers with both edge-rush and coverage skills. Finding two players like that is hard; finding one is hard enough.

Neither scheme wins championships by itself. The 4-3 Seahawks won in 2013. The 3-4 Patriots won six times. The defense succeeds when the scheme fits the personnel, not when the coordinator insists on running a system the roster wasn’t built for.

Coaching the 4-3 at the Youth and High School Level

The 4-3’s teachability is a real advantage at lower levels. The gap assignment system gives every player a simple, unambiguous job. When a middle school player asks what they’re supposed to do, the answer is one sentence: own the B gap between the guard and tackle on your side.

Most coaches at the high school level start with the base alignment before introducing Over or Under fronts. Get linemen aligned correctly, teach them their gap, and drill it until it’s automatic. Then install the linebacker gap assignments. Then base coverage. That’s usually a full preseason before you add any of the variation.

Cover 2 is the right starting coverage because it has the clearest zone definitions. Every defender has a geographic area. Corners have the short outside flat. Safeties have deep halves. Linebackers have hook and curl zones in the middle. Mistakes are easy to identify on film because each player’s zone is visible.

Nickel packages and blitz designs should wait until the base is running cleanly. Coaches who rush into exotic blitzes with a young team usually end up with gap confusion on the defensive line, which allows simple inside runs to go untouched. Get the front sound first.

One underrated piece of the installation is the strong-side declaration. Before every snap, the defensive line has to identify the tight end and set the strong side accordingly. If nobody communicates that, linemen align to different sides and gaps overlap or disappear. It sounds basic, but gap integrity falls apart fast when the declaration process isn’t drilled.

Famous 4-3 Teams Worth Knowing

The 1985 Chicago Bears ran a modified 4-3 under Buddy Ryan with aggressive blitz packages layered on top of the base structure. The Bear defense — technically a 46, which was an over-shifted 4-3 with eight defenders near the line — gave offenses almost nothing to work with. They allowed 10 points per game over the regular season.

The early 1990s Dallas Cowboys under Jimmy Johnson used a 4-3 that prioritized speed over size at every position in the front seven. Troy Aikman had the offense. But Charles Haley, Russell Maryland, and Leon Lett on defense made the scheme punishing for opposing quarterbacks.

The 2002 Tampa Bay Buccaneers, with Derrick Brooks and Warren Sapp as the marquee pieces, ran the Tampa 2 to a Super Bowl title. Sapp was the prototype 3-technique — disruptive enough one-on-one that the coverage behind him had time to develop. Brooks, as the Mike linebacker, had the athleticism to drop 20 yards into the deep middle and still make tackles in the box.

The 2013 Seattle Seahawks demonstrated how the Under front enables a pass rush in the modern game. Richard Sherman and the secondary get the credit for that defense’s reputation, but the front four — Michael Bennett, Cliff Avril, Brandon Mebane — created pressure with four rushers consistently enough that the coverage held. The Under alignment gave each of them favorable angles against offensive tackles.

Questions That Come Up Often

What does “base defense” mean? It means the default alignment a team uses on first and second downs before the offense creates a situation that requires an adjustment. The 4-3 is the base. On third and long, most teams switch to nickel (five defensive backs). On third and short, some teams bring in extra linemen. The base is just the starting point.

What’s the most important position in the 4-3? Most defensive coordinators will tell you the 3-technique tackle. He’s the player who generates inside pressure from a one-on-one block, and without that pressure, quarterbacks have comfortable pockets even when the ends are winning outside. A great 3-tech changes what offenses can do schematically.

Can any team run a 4-3? In theory. In practice, if you have five linebackers and three solid defensive linemen, a 3-4 makes better use of your roster. The choice should follow the personnel, not the other way around. Forcing a 4-3 with undersized defensive tackles means your gap control breaks down on every run play between the tackles.

Why do some NFL teams still show 4-3 looks even when they call themselves a 3-4 team? Because modern defenses blend both. A team that calls itself a 3-4 base might show a 4-3 front 40 percent of the time depending on down and distance. The labels describe tendencies, not rigid rules. What matters is how the personnel moves once the ball is snapped.

Zay Flowers — Baltimore Ravens Wide Receiver Profile, Career Stats, and What to Expect in 2026

Xavien “Zay” Flowers caught 86 passes for 1,211 yards and five touchdowns in 2025, his best season yet — and still finished ranked 17th in PFF’s overall grades among qualified wide receivers. That gap tells you almost everything about where he stands: clearly good, arguably great in stretches, not yet locked into the elite tier. The Ravens exercised his fifth-year option in May 2026, guaranteeing him $27.2 million for the 2027 season. Extension talks are expected to follow.

Fort Lauderdale, 14 Kids, and a Walk-On at Boston College Nobody Wanted

Flowers was born September 11, 2000, in Fort Lauderdale, Florida — the 11th of 14 children. His mother Jackie died from a head injury when he was five. His brother Martin was later murdered. His Instagram bio still reads “LLMama LLMarty.” He doesn’t hide it, doesn’t make it a brand, just carries it.

He played at NSU University School in Davie, Florida, lining up at both wide receiver and cornerback. A three-star recruit by every major service, ranked nowhere near the top 100 at his position nationally. Boston College wanted him, most schools didn’t. That lack of recruiting hype would shadow him all the way to the 2023 draft — scouts kept circling back to the question of whether the production was real or just a function of playing in mediocre ACC competition with nothing to lose.

Four Years at Boston College — Records Nobody Will Break for a While

He arrived in Chestnut Hill in 2019 as a true freshman and immediately contributed: 22 catches, 341 yards, three touchdowns. When COVID shut down campus in March 2020, he went home to Florida and spent time working out with Antonio Brown and Geno Smith. Whatever that was worth athletically, it kept him sharp while everything paused.

His sophomore season — 56 receptions, 892 yards, nine touchdowns — earned him first-team All-ACC honors and made him the second receiver in school history to claim that distinction. The junior year was quieter on paper (44 catches, 746 yards, five TDs, third-team All-ACC), but the senior film from 2022 is what drew NFL attention. He ran full routes at full speed, separated consistently, and never quit on a play. Boston College went 6-6 that year. Didn’t matter. Scouts watched him work against a defense that knew exactly what was coming.

By the time he declared for the draft in December 2022, Flowers held Boston College’s all-time records in career touchdown receptions (29), career receptions, and career receiving yards. Those records still stand. He also claimed third-team All-American recognition from the Associated Press for his final season.

The 2023 NFL Combine — Small Frame, Elite Numbers

At 5’9.25″ and 182 pounds, Flowers ran a 4.42 forty at the combine. His vertical jump hit 35.5 inches, his broad jump 10 feet 7 inches, his wingspan measured 6’0.25″. For a receiver his size, those explosion numbers matter more than the forty time alone — they mean he can win off the line at the NFL level without relying on pure track speed.

The concerns about his frame were real. Some scouts projected him sliding to the late first or into the second round based on size alone. The combine essentially ended that conversation.

Draft Night: Pick 22, Four Years, $14 Million

The Ravens took him 22nd overall on April 27, 2023. Some draft analysts called it a slight reach — ESPN’s grades had him projected closer to 28-32. Baltimore’s front office clearly disagreed. They’d watched him play slot and outside, seen his route tree, clocked his yards-after-catch ability, and decided he fit precisely what Lamar Jackson needs: a receiver who can win on intermediate routes, handle a varied role, and make something out of a six-yard catch.

He signed a four-year, $14.04 million fully guaranteed rookie deal in June 2023. For context, the fifth-year option now being exercised is worth nearly twice his entire original contract.

Year-by-Year Stats: Three Seasons, One Direction

Season	Games	Targets	Rec	Yards	TDs	Yds/Rec	PFF Grade
2023	16	108	77	858	5	11.1	—
2024	17	116	74	1,059	4	14.3	—
2025	17	118	86	1,211	5	14.1	79.6
Career	50	342	237	3,128	14	13.2	—

His yards-per-reception jump from 2023 to 2024 — 11.1 to 14.3 — reflects a real shift in how the Ravens used him. Average depth of target went from 8.4 to 10.3 yards. He stopped being primarily a screen-and-jet-sweep piece and started winning further downfield. The catch rate dipped from 71.3% to 63.8%, but that was partly by design — longer routes on contested throws lose at a higher rate.

In 2025, he generated 473 yards after the catch. His average depth of target settled at 10.1 yards. PFF ranked his receiving grade at 81.6 — 15th among 81 qualified receivers. He dropped five passes, which wasn’t alarming but wasn’t nothing. Five dropped passes in 118 targets is workable. It’s also the kind of number that shows up in tight playoff games.

Games That Defined His Career So Far

Week 1 of his rookie season against Houston: nine catches, 78 yards, two carries. He was the starter on day one and performed like one. His first NFL touchdown came Week 6 in London — a reception against Tennessee in the Ravens’ 24-16 win. He didn’t make much of it publicly. Just caught it, kept moving.

Week 17, 2023, against Miami: a 75-yard touchdown reception, capping a game where he set the Ravens’ franchise record for receptions (77) and receiving yards (858) by a rookie. Both records still stand.

Then the AFC Championship. Ravens trailing the Chiefs 17-10, fourth quarter. Flowers had been exceptional — five catches, 115 yards, a touchdown. On a drive with a chance to tie it, he picked up a 15-yard taunting penalty. Two plays later, he fumbled at the goal line. The Chiefs recovered in the end zone. Game over. He’s had to live with that play since. No revisionist take makes it easier: he cost his team a real shot in the conference championship.

Two 2024 highlights that showed what he’s capable of on good days: nine catches for 132 yards against Washington Commanders in Week 6, all in the first half — the first time in his career he’d topped 100 yards in back-to-back games. And Week 9 against Denver: five catches, 127 yards, two touchdowns including a 53-yarder. When he’s locked in and Lamar is dialed in, the combination is genuinely hard to stop.

His best individual game in 2025 came in Week 18 — a 26-24 loss to Pittsburgh where he caught four of six targets for 138 yards and two touchdowns, including a 64-yarder. It came on coverage busts by the Steelers secondary, which is worth acknowledging, but he still had to run the route and make the catch.

What He Actually Does Well — and Where the Ceiling Question Lives

The nickname “Joystick” came from his movement after the catch. Watch him in open space and you understand it immediately — he changes direction at full speed in a way that looks effortless and isn’t. His 4.42 forty reads faster in a game than it does on paper because he’s already at top speed off two steps.

Where he’s genuinely excellent: intermediate routes, 10-19 yards downfield. Over his career, he’s caught 36 of 53 targets in that range for 561 yards and five touchdowns. That’s a 67.9% catch rate on routes where separation and body control matter most. It also happens to be Lamar Jackson’s most reliable throwing window, which is part of why their connection works.

The rushing package adds real value too. Twenty-seven career carries for 174 yards and two touchdowns — a 6.4 yards-per-carry average. OC Todd Monken used him on screens and jet sweeps more than his speed justified. New OC Declan Doyle, who came up under Ben Johnson in Detroit, has stated a preference for explosive plays. That fits Flowers’ actual skill set better than the manufactured-touch approach.

The ceiling question comes down to touchdowns and volume. He’s never topped five TDs in a season. In a run-heavy offense where Lamar averaged just 23.2 pass attempts per game in 2025, Flowers needs targets more than most receivers because the overall supply is limited. He ranked 5th in target share (28%) among receivers in 2025 and 11th in air yards share (35%). The raw numbers say he’s the clear focal point. The game scores say the offense still doesn’t pass enough to make him truly elite.

The Harbaugh Comments — What He Said and Why It Mattered

In April 2026, Flowers publicly attributed the Ravens’ wave of late-season injuries in 2025 to former head coach John Harbaugh’s practice intensity. He was specific: the workload in practice, not bad luck, caused the injury spike. Harbaugh had already been let go after the season. Flowers’ comments added public weight to a decision the organization had already made privately.

The reaction was split. Some read it as a player throwing a coach under the bus on his way out. Others — including most Ravens players who spoke publicly after — seemed to share the view. Kyle Hamilton, Mark Andrews, and Flowers himself all spoke warmly about new head coach Jesse Minter’s approach in the offseason, describing practice as more controlled and smarter in its load management. Whether that translates to fewer injuries in 2026 won’t be clear until the season plays out. But the shift in tone from the locker room was real and immediate.

Contract, Fifth-Year Option, and What’s Next Financially

The Ravens exercised Flowers’ fifth-year option in May 2026. The number: $27.2 million fully guaranteed for 2027. He’s locked in through the end of the 2027 season.

That’s not the end of the money conversation. Jeff Zrebiec of The Athletic reported that Baltimore has made a contract extension a top priority this offseason. Flowers turns 26 in September 2026. If the extension gets done before the season, it’ll almost certainly be structured around the upper-middle range of the wide receiver market — somewhere in the $25-28 million per year range annually, based on comparable deals for receivers of his tier. He’s led the team in receptions and receiving yards in all three of his seasons. The Ravens aren’t letting him walk.

He’s also a two-time Pro Bowler — 2024 and 2025 — which gives him leverage in any negotiation, regardless of the touchdown totals that sometimes make evaluators second-guess his tier.

2026 Fantasy Football: The Case For and the Case Against

He finished 2025 as WR7 in half-PPR formats. That number is real and it’s also a little misleading. Three games — Week 1 vs. Buffalo (143 yards, 1 TD), and two others clearing 120 yards — carried a significant portion of his season total. Across the remaining 14 games, he averaged 8.8 fantasy points. That line ranked WR40 over that stretch. He’s a boom-bust player in a low-volume passing offense, and pretending otherwise doesn’t help anyone building a roster.

The bull case for 2026 is legitimate, though. Isaiah Likely is gone. Mark Andrews turns 31 before the season starts and is coming off a down year — 48 catches for 422 yards in 2025. Rashod Bateman hasn’t topped 46 receptions since his rookie year. Declan Doyle has explicitly said he wants more explosive plays. Flowers ranked 4th in yards per route run among all receivers in 2025, behind Puka Nacua, Jaxon Smith-Njigba, and Luther Burden. That efficiency number suggests he’s already extracting close to maximum value from his routes.

If Lamar Jackson increases his pass attempts even modestly — from 23.2 per game to something closer to 26 or 27 — Flowers’ target count could push toward 130-135. At that volume, with his efficiency, a 1,400-yard season becomes realistic. FantasyPros has him ranked WR12 in early 2026 ADP. Sports Illustrated’s fantasy desk put him in the WR1 conversation with top-10 upside.

The bear case: he’s never scored more than five touchdowns in a season, and the Ravens have added a first-round wide receiver in the draft — creating real competition for targets on the outside. Lamar Jackson’s deep-ball accuracy has varied significantly year to year. And four times in the last two seasons, Flowers has finished with under 30 receiving yards in a game. The floor is lower than his ranking suggests.

If you’re drafting at his current ADP — somewhere in the WR10-15 range depending on the platform — you’re paying for the upside and accepting the volatility. That’s a fair trade in a PPR format where his catch rate and floor in target-heavy weeks offset the dead games. In a standard format, he’s harder to trust as a set-and-forget starter.

Quick Reference — Zay Flowers by the Numbers

Category	Detail
Full Name	Xavien Kevonn Flowers
Born	September 11, 2000
Hometown	Fort Lauderdale, Florida
Height / Weight	5’9″ / 183 lbs
College	Boston College (2019–2022)
Draft	2023, Round 1, Pick 22
Team	Baltimore Ravens
Jersey	#4
Pro Bowls	2 (2024, 2025)
Contract Through	2027 (option exercised)
Instagram	@x.flowers4

Zaire Franklin – NFL Tackles Leader, Green Bay Packer, Philadelphia Kid Who Made It the Hard Way

The Number That Explains Everything

Seven hundred and seven. That’s how many tackles Zaire Franklin made in eight seasons with the Indianapolis Colts. For context: he was the 235th pick in the 2018 draft. The Colts got him because they’d traded Henry Anderson to the Jets, received a seventh-round pick back, and used it on a linebacker from Syracuse that most analysts filed under “camp body.” By 2024, that camp body was leading the entire NFL in tackles and earning his first Pro Bowl nod. The gap between those two facts is the whole story.

Born in Philadelphia, Raised by Two Women He Lost at 16

Franklin grew up in Philadelphia, attended La Salle College High School, and was named to the 2013 PIAA AAAA All-State Team. He played in the Big 33 Football Classic. Standard recruiting story, on paper. What doesn’t show up in the recruiting database: in 2013, when Franklin was still a teenager preparing for his senior season, his mother Shelice Highsmith died after a brain tumor caused heart complications. Two months later, his grandmother Juanita Highsmith-Bailey died of kidney failure. An aunt stepped in as guardian. Franklin enrolled at Syracuse the following year.

He’s talked about that period in interviews without overdramatizing it, which says something about how he’s built. The foundation he later created, Shelice’s Angels, carries his mother’s name. He didn’t name it after himself.

Four Years at Syracuse – Including a Record That Stood Since 1896

Franklin played for the Orange from 2014 through 2017, appeared in 48 games, and recorded 311 career tackles. He made All-ACC twice. None of that is unusual for a linebacker who goes on to an NFL career.

What is unusual: he was named team captain three times, making him only the second three-time captain in Syracuse football history. The first was in 1896. That’s not a misprint. More than a century passed between the two.

He also dual-majored in finance and marketing management, which is relevant mainly because it tells you something about how he operates – not just on the field but organizationally. Shelice’s Angels didn’t build itself.

The Draft, the Debut, and Seven Years of Slow Accumulation

The Colts selected him 235th overall. In his rookie season he appeared in all 16 games, started two, and totaled 29 tackles. Useful depth. Nothing that made headlines.

By 2020 he was a team captain. That’s the detail worth pausing on – a player drafted in the seventh round, named captain in his third season, ahead of veterans who’d been in the league far longer. Indianapolis named him captain five more times after that, six total across 2020 through 2025.

The production followed the leadership. In 2022, he started all 17 games and finished with 167 total tackles, the second-most in a single season in Colts franchise history. Then he broke his own record in 2023 with 179 tackles and finished second in the league. Then he broke it again in 2024. At that point the Colts had a linebacker who had finished top-five in the NFL in tackles for three straight years – and he was the only player in the league to do that across that span.

The 2024 Season – What the Numbers Actually Show

173 combined tackles. League-leading. Five forced fumbles, which ranked second in the NFL. Two interceptions. 3.5 sacks. Eleven tackles for loss. He played every defensive snap for Indianapolis that season – not most, every single one – and then had ankle cleanup surgery in January.

The Associated Press named him second-team All-Pro. He went to his first Pro Bowl.

From 2022 through 2025, Franklin led the NFL in tackles with 643. He’s the only player since 2000 to record 600-plus tackles, 10-plus sacks, and 10-plus forced fumbles over any four-season stretch. Those three categories don’t usually belong to the same player. Tackles are volume. Sacks require pass-rush ability. Forced fumbles require finishing. Franklin has all three, which is why the “camp body” framing from 2018 looks so strange in retrospect.

He’s also missed one game due to injury in his entire career. One. Among all NFL linebackers since 2018, he ranks first in games played at 132.

The Trade to Green Bay – What Each Team Was Thinking

On March 7, 2026, the Colts traded Franklin to the Green Bay Packers in exchange for defensive tackle Colby Wooden. The deal was finalized March 11. Green Bay gave him a two-year contract worth $18 million.

The Packers needed a linebacker. Quay Walker, their previous starter, was heading elsewhere in free agency and commanding a price Green Bay wasn’t going to match. General manager Brian Gutekunst had apparently tried to acquire Franklin before – the fit wasn’t new thinking, just newly available.

From the Colts’ side, it’s harder to read cleanly. Franklin had one year left on his deal and had been the team’s best defensive player for three seasons. Indianapolis has missed the playoffs four straight years. Whether trading him was cap management or a signal about the direction of the rebuild is something Chris Ballard hasn’t explained directly, and Franklin, publicly at least, didn’t push back. “I don’t take it personal,” he said at a charity event in Indianapolis in April. “Chris has to make decisions, and I have to keep playing.” Eight years with one organization, handled without drama. That’s rarer than it sounds.

What Franklin Actually Does on a Football Field

He plays inside linebacker, reads run-pass keys quickly, and gets to the ball carrier before blockers can set. The tackle totals reflect range more than brute force – he’s 6-foot, 235 pounds, not physically imposing by NFL standards, but he processes the play fast enough that he doesn’t need to outmuscle anyone.

The forced-fumble numbers (11 over four seasons) come from something specific: he strips at contact instead of just wrapping up. It’s a technique that costs you tackles occasionally – a guy breaks free when you go for the ball instead of the body – but Franklin plays it aggressively and it works often enough to rank among the league’s best over that stretch.

Coverage has been the area scouts flag. In 2025 his coverage grade from PFF dipped, and that’s part of why Green Bay paired him with Edgerrin Cooper rather than just slotting him in as the solo answer. Cooper graded at 76.5 in coverage last season. The pairing addresses Franklin’s weaker side without asking him to change what he does well. Franklin’s read on it: “The first thing I told him when I got traded is that we’re going to be the best duo in the world.” Whether that holds up through a full season is unknown, but the construction makes structural sense.

Jonathan Gannon, a Familiar Face in an Unfamiliar Building

Green Bay’s defensive coordinator in 2026 is Jonathan Gannon, who spent 2018 through 2020 as the Colts’ defensive backs coach. He wasn’t Franklin’s direct position coach, but they were in the same building during Franklin’s development years. Gannon went from Indianapolis to Philadelphia as DC in 2021, then became Arizona’s head coach in 2023, then landed in Green Bay.

Franklin’s description of what the defense will look like under Gannon was short: “Fast and physical.” That’s not a particularly illuminating quote, but it matches what Gannon’s defenses have historically prioritized – aggressive, downhill, fewer zone-heavy schemes that would put more coverage responsibility on Franklin.

Why He Came to Green Bay Specifically

Franklin was direct about it. Jordan Love at quarterback. Micah Parsons on the defensive line. “When you’ve got a quarterback and you’ve got a pass rush, you’ve got a chance,” he said. That’s a clean articulation of how to evaluate a team if you’re a free agent or a trade target – not the market, not the contract, not the city. The structure of the roster.

He signed knowing Parsons might miss the start of the season after a 2025 injury. Green Bay also stumbled badly at the end of each of the last two years – a Wild Card exit in 2024 after a three-game losing streak, and a five-game collapse to end 2025. Franklin is 29. He’s in his prime. He didn’t leave Indianapolis to add to his tackle totals; he left to win something. The Packers are where he thinks that happens.

Shelice’s Angels – The Foundation Built From Personal Loss

Franklin founded Shelice’s Angels in 2019, six years after losing his mother. The organization focuses on young women in Philadelphia, specifically in areas of technology, academic achievement, and financial literacy. Programs include the Shelice’s Angels Business Academy and a mentorship initiative called Day in the Life.

In March 2025, the foundation held its inaugural Scholarship Gala at The Switch House in Philadelphia, timed to Women’s History Month. Mayor Cherelle Parker received the Beacon Award that evening. Philadelphia radio personality Patty Jackson attended. The foundation has worked with hundreds of young women across underserved neighborhoods in the city.

Franklin participated in the NFL’s My Cause My Cleats initiative four consecutive years, representing Shelice’s Angels in 2021 and 2022, the National Breast Cancer Foundation in 2023, and the National Multiple Sclerosis Society in 2024. The Colts nominated him for the Walter Payton Man of the Year Award in 2023. He also organized a Tackles for Hunger event at the Lilly Boys and Girls Club in Indianapolis in April 2026 – weeks after being traded away from the city where he’d spent eight years.

The foundation’s name answers the question people sometimes ask about why he plays with such visible intensity. He said he was raised by two women who died before they could see what he became. Building something in their name isn’t a PR move. It’s the thing that makes the rest of it make sense.

The Record That Doesn’t Fit the Draft Story

Seventh-round picks don’t usually lead the league in tackles. They don’t usually get extended twice, first at $12 million over three years in 2022, then at $31.3 million in 2024. They don’t usually get traded to a Super Bowl contender and sign an $18 million deal at 29.

Franklin has missed one game in eight NFL seasons. He has 707 career tackles, 10 sacks, 11 forced fumbles, and three interceptions with Indianapolis alone. He was team captain for six consecutive years with an organization that drafted him as a depth piece. None of that is the seventh-round pick narrative. It’s also not luck or a favorable scheme – multiple coaches, multiple coordinators, and two separate contract negotiations all reached the same conclusion about what Franklin is worth.

The 2026 season will be the first time he plays regular-season football in a non-Colts uniform. He’s going to a team with a young quarterback who hasn’t won a playoff game since January 2024, a defensive star who may not be healthy to start the year, and a fanbase that’s been waiting for a Lombardi Trophy since the Favre era. Franklin said he’s ready to help lead them there. Given everything else on his record, betting against him on that seems unwise.

Zack Baun, Philadelphia Eagles Linebacker: Career, Stats, and the Season Nobody Saw Coming

From $3.5 Million to $51 Million in One Year

March 2024. The Philadelphia Eagles signed a linebacker named Zack Baun to a one-year, $3.5 million contract. The transaction got roughly as much coverage as a practice squad move. Defensive coordinator Vic Fangio had been on the job for six weeks. General manager Howie Roseman told him he’d picked up a cheap depth piece, someone who could play special teams and spell the starters. Fangio thought Roseman was underselling it.

One season later: 151 combined tackles, five forced fumbles, First-Team All-Pro, Pro Bowl, fifth in Defensive Player of the Year voting, a Super Bowl ring, and a three-year, $51 million extension that made Baun the fourth-highest-paid inside linebacker in the NFL. The Eagles’ defense finished ranked first overall in the league. Baun led it in tackles.

That gap – between what the contract said he was worth and what he actually produced – is the whole story.

Early Life: West Bend, Brown Deer, and Playing Everything

Baun was born December 30, 1996, in West Bend, Wisconsin. He started at West Bend East High School playing wide receiver, which is not where most future NFL linebackers begin. His family moved after his sophomore year and he transferred to Brown Deer High School, where he switched to quarterback and linebacker simultaneously.

What he did at Brown Deer is genuinely hard to categorize. He threw for 3,061 yards and 27 touchdowns in his high school career, rushed for another 3,923 yards and 67 scores. He was named Wisconsin Football Coaches Association State Offensive Player of the Year. He also started on Brown Deer’s 2013 WIAA Division II State Championship basketball team and placed in both the 100-meter and 200-meter sprints at the state track meet. As a younger kid he played soccer as a goalkeeper, played tennis, did ballet.

The range matters later. When Fangio eventually asked Baun to line up at multiple alignments – sometimes on the edge, sometimes off the ball, dropping into coverage on one snap and blitzing through the A-gap on the next – Baun’s answer was that playing every sport as a kid trained him for exactly that kind of positional shapeshifting. “Being overall athletic really has helped me do a lot of different things,” he said before Super Bowl LIX. “I think it helps Vic scheme some stuff up, too.”

Wisconsin and the Foot That Kept Breaking

Baun committed to Wisconsin intending to grayshirt his freshman year. He broke his left foot going into the season and redshirted. Appeared in 12 games as a redshirt freshman, making 15 tackles. Then broke the same foot again during spring practice of his redshirt sophomore year and missed the entire 2017 season.

Two serious injuries to the same foot before his third year of college. The scouts who later knocked him down draft boards had a real reason.

He returned as a starter at outside linebacker his redshirt junior year, third on the Badgers in tackles. His final season, 2019, was the one that got him drafted: 12.5 sacks, enough to make him one of the most productive pass-rushing linebackers in the country. The Saints used the 74th pick on him. That’s not a bad pick – third round, middle of day two – but the foot history kept him from going higher.

Four Seasons in New Orleans: The Mismatch Nobody Fixed

From 2020 through 2023, Baun played 62 games for the Saints and accumulated 88 combined tackles. Total. Not per season – across four years. He logged fewer than 700 snaps on defense across that entire stretch. The Saints used him primarily on special teams and as a rotational pass rusher, slotting him at outside linebacker when he played defense at all.

The numbers are almost comically thin for a third-round pick. But Baun doesn’t frame New Orleans as the organization failing him. He puts it on himself. “I blame a lot of it on myself and my own development,” he said at Super Bowl week in New Orleans. “Getting in my own way. I had great coaches. It was a great scheme. But I kind of blame myself.” He spent 1,293 snaps on special teams across those four years. It would’ve been easy to settle into that. Some guys spend a decade in the league chasing kicks and punts and cash checks. Baun kept believing the pass-rusher who had 12.5 sacks his last year at Madison was still in there somewhere.

He just needed someone to deploy him differently.

What Vic Fangio Saw on Tape

Fangio doesn’t evaluate players with a checklist. He said so explicitly when asked about Baun in November 2024. “You just watch the tape, watch the movement patterns, watch the player play.” He had done this before – with Andrew Van Ginkel in Miami, where he convinced a pass-rushing edge player that there was more to his game than rushing the passer. Van Ginkel eventually told Baun before the 2024 season that Fangio gets creative with coverage looks in ways he’d never seen. Different from anything either of them had experienced.

What Fangio saw in Baun’s movement patterns was an inside linebacker. Not an edge rusher. Not a special teamer. The way Baun tracked the ball, the way he changed direction, the way his hips moved in space – Fangio decided the Saints had been playing him wrong. Roseman expected a backup. Fangio plugged him into the starting lineup at inside linebacker from the beginning of training camp.

Pro Football Focus grades Baun second among NFL linebackers in pass coverage through the first ten weeks of 2024, behind only Fred Warner of San Francisco, who had won three All-Pro honors at that point. Baun’s coverage grade for the full season ended at 91.6 – more than three points above the next-best linebacker. His overall PFF grade hit 90.1, first among all linebackers in the league. The Saints had him playing roughly 150 snaps per year on defense. The Eagles played him on 99 percent of their defensive snaps.

Everything didn’t fully click until the Week 5 bye. Baun said as much. Mentally, he was still catching up – learning coverages, run fits, eye progressions, how the scheme communicated. “I knew physically I had the capability to be a pretty good player,” he said. “It was just getting in the right situation and being in the right head space to do it.” After the bye, the Eagles won 15 of their next 16 games.

The 2024 Regular Season by the Numbers

151 combined tackles across 16 regular season games. That’s the number. It’s not just high – it’s historically rare. Only two players since 2000 finished a season with 150-plus tackles and five-plus forced fumbles: Baun and the Colts’ Zaire Franklin, who did it the same year. Baun also added 3.5 sacks, 13 tackles for loss, five quarterback hits, and one interception.

He ranked 11th in the NFL in tackles through Week 10, first on the Eagles, and nearly every player above him on the list still had their bye week remaining. The forced fumble against Dyami Brown in the NFC Championship turned a competitive game into a blowout. His strip-sack of Baker Mayfield in the regular season – a 12-yard loss that pushed Tampa Bay into a field goal attempt – was the kind of play that doesn’t appear in a standard box score for a linebacker.

Three Pro Bowl selections, three DPOY finalists, and three All-Pro picks had been made at linebacker that year. Baun finished first-team on all of them. PFF named him their 2024 Breakout Player of the Year. The Eagles’ defense, which had been shaky entering the season with multiple new pieces, finished ranked first overall in total defense. Baun and Nakobe Dean were the reason the middle held.

Super Bowl LIX: Back in New Orleans

The Super Bowl was played in New Orleans. The same city where Baun spent four years watching other players get snaps he thought he deserved. He ran into old equipment managers and athletic trainers from his Saints days in the hallways leading up to the game. He said he harbored no hard feelings. You can decide what to make of that.

In the game itself, Baun dove to secure an interception off Patrick Mahomes that became one of the defining defensive plays of the Eagles’ 40-22 win. He was also wearing the green dot for the first time in his career – the signal-caller in the middle of the defense, relaying Fangio’s calls in real time. When Nakobe Dean tore his patellar tendon against Green Bay in the Wild Card, Baun had to absorb that role immediately. He called it seamless. Fangio probably called it expected. Baun added 26 combined tackles across three playoff games.

Final career totals entering 2025: 239 combined tackles, 153 solo, 9 sacks, one Super Bowl ring.

The $51 Million Contract and the 2025 Restructure

Baun re-signed with Philadelphia in March 2025 on a three-year, $51 million deal. Fourth-highest-paid inside linebacker in the NFL. The first year – 2025 – carried $17 million in fully earned money. He said he didn’t want to leave. “What we built here, the culture here… I was just a piece of the puzzle that was put into a great culture already established.”

In May 2025, roughly two months after the deal was signed, the Eagles restructured it. The rework converted the arrangement so that 2026 functions as a real contract year – meaning if the Eagles choose to release Baun after the 2026 season via a post-June 1 designation, the cap hit softens considerably. He has $17 million in cash due in 2027 and 2028 under the original structure; the restructure gives the team an exit if they want one.

This is standard NFL cap management, not a sign the Eagles are moving on. Teams do this constantly with mid-range deals to preserve flexibility two years out. Baun hasn’t missed a game, hasn’t said anything that suggests friction, and went on to earn his second straight Pro Bowl selection in 2025. The restructure is worth knowing about because it changes his contract calculus in 2026 – but reading it as a vote of no confidence in him specifically would be a stretch.

The 2025 Season: Still Leading, Still Every Snap

Baun led the Eagles in tackles for the second consecutive season in 2025. His total dropped from 151 to 123 combined – partly because the Eagles’ defense was deeper, partly because they played a different style of game in certain matchups. He added two interceptions, including one off Kenny Pickett on the opening drive of the second half in a 31-0 win over the Raiders. He tied for fifth on the team in sacks with 3.5. He earned his second Pro Bowl nod.

He played 99 percent of the team’s defensive snaps again. That’s not an accident – it reflects Fangio’s decision to treat Baun as a true every-down player rather than a situational one, which is the opposite of how the Saints deployed him. The Eagles gave up the ball more in 2025 than they did in their Super Bowl run, which means some of those tackle opportunities just weren’t there. His per-game production didn’t fall off the cliff the tackle number might suggest.

Two straight Pro Bowls, two straight seasons leading the Eagles in tackles, one Super Bowl, 99 percent snap rate. The debate about whether 2024 was a fluke is over. It wasn’t.

What the Numbers Don’t Show

Baun wore the green dot all season in 2025. That’s the helmet with the radio transmitter – the player who receives the defensive call from Fangio and relays it to everyone else before the snap. It requires processing the call, reading the formation, communicating the adjustment, and getting everyone lined up correctly, often in under ten seconds against a hurrying offense. It’s the kind of responsibility that gets handed to players coaches trust completely, not just players who make tackles.

He also talks about the role differently than most players do. In a conversation with NFL Network before the 2025 season, he broke down how his career trajectory – the Saints years, the position change, the mental work of learning Fangio’s coverage language – shaped how he communicates on the field now. The four years in New Orleans that looked like a dead end turned out to be the base he built everything on. He learned coverages badly, got confused, figured out what he didn’t understand, and eventually got to Philadelphia already knowing what the wrong version of himself looked like.

Fangio said at some point during the 2024 season: “He knows what you do well and he puts you in the best positions to help the defense.” That’s Baun describing Fangio. But it reads just as cleanly the other way.

Zach Wilson — NFL Quarterback Profile, Career Timeline, and Everything Worth Knowing

The Quick Version

Zachary Kapono Wilson, born August 3, 1999, in Draper, Utah, is a professional NFL quarterback currently signed with the New Orleans Saints. He is 26 years old, stands 6-foot-2, and weighs 214 pounds. The Saints are his fourth team in four seasons. Before New Orleans, he spent three years with the New York Jets (who drafted him second overall in 2021), one year in Denver, and one year in Miami. In five NFL seasons, he’s started 33 games, thrown for 6,325 yards, 23 touchdowns, and 25 interceptions. His career passer rating sits at 73.1.

Draper, Utah to the NFL — Growing Up Wilson

Wilson grew up as one of six children in a household that already knew football. His father, Mike Wilson, played at the University of Utah. His mother Lisa, who has since built a following sharing health and cooking content on Instagram, kept the family grounded through Zach’s rise. The siblings — Whitney, Micah, Josh, Isaac, and Sophie — stayed close. Family vacations to Hawaii pop up on Instagram regularly, and Micah has appeared alongside Zach at various offseason events.

The middle name Kapono is Hawaiian, a nod to his father’s heritage. It means “righteous” in the Hawaiian language. Wilson was baptized into The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, though reporting from Distractify noted he doesn’t attend regularly. It comes up because people ask — Utah, BYU, LDS all connect in the public imagination — but it’s a minor thread in his actual story.

At Corner Canyon High School in Draper, Wilson was the kind of quarterback that makes college coaches nervous about film study. As a senior, he threw for 2,986 yards and 24 touchdowns while rushing for 752 yards and eight more scores. The Chargers finished 11-1, reached the 5A state semifinals, and won a region championship. He was named 5A MVP and First-Team All-State. He also played varsity basketball, which tells you something about his athleticism before any football metric does.

He originally committed to Boise State. Then he didn’t. He flipped to BYU, which — in hindsight — changed everything.

What He Did at BYU Is Still Underappreciated

Wilson played three seasons for the Cougars, starting 28 of 30 games. His career numbers: 566-of-837 passing for 7,652 yards, 56 touchdowns, and a 67.6 completion percentage. He also ran 212 times for 642 yards and 15 rushing scores. Those are not inflated numbers against weak competition — BYU played a legitimate independent schedule in 2020 and handled it.

The 2020 season is what put him in the conversation. He completed 73.5 percent of his passes for 3,692 yards and 33 touchdowns with three interceptions. That completion rate broke a BYU single-season record that had stood since 1983 — held by Steve Young. BYU finished 11-1 and ranked No. 11 in the final AP Poll, the program’s best finish since 1996. Wilson won the Co-Polynesian Player of the Year award, was a Manning Award finalist, placed eighth in Heisman voting, and was named the Cougars’ offensive MVP in both the 2019 Hawaii Bowl and the 2020 Boca Raton Bowl.

He became the highest-drafted player in BYU history. That record still stands.

The 2021 NFL Draft and What the Jets Were Buying

Trevor Lawrence went first to Jacksonville. Wilson went second to New York. The Jets signed him to a four-year, $35.15 million fully guaranteed contract with a $22.9 million signing bonus and a fifth-year option. At the time, the logic was sound: Wilson had elite arm talent, legitimate mobility, and the college numbers to justify the pick. General manager Joe Douglas called him a franchise quarterback. The fanbase believed it.

What followed was more complicated.

Three Seasons in New York — The Full Picture

Wilson’s rookie year (2021) produced 2,334 passing yards, nine touchdowns, and 11 interceptions across 13 starts, with a 69.7 passer rating. He threw his ninth interception in just his fifth start — becoming the fourth quarterback in NFL history, after DeShone Kizer, Zach Mettenberger, and Blake Bortles, to be picked off in each of his first five games. A knee injury in Week 7 against New England ended his season early. The Jets went 4-13.

2022 was interrupted before it started. Wilson suffered a non-contact bone bruise and meniscus tear in the preseason opener against Philadelphia, missing the first three games. He finished with 1,688 yards, six touchdowns, and seven interceptions in nine starts. Some games were genuinely bad. Some showed the flashes that got him drafted. He caught a receiving touchdown against Pittsburgh — the first Jets quarterback to do that in franchise history — which is exactly the kind of strange, memorable thing that defines his career.

2023 was his best year and his strangest. Aaron Rodgers arrived in New York, was supposed to be the answer, and then tore his Achilles on the fourth snap of Monday Night Football against the Bills. Wilson stepped in, went 14-of-21 for 140 yards in a 22-16 win, and got promoted back to starter. He had strong stretches — most notably a 28-of-39, 245-yard, 2-touchdown performance against Kansas City where he overcame a 17-0 deficit to tie the game before a fourth-quarter fumble handed it back to the Chiefs. He put together wins over the Eagles and Giants and led a 58-yard game-tying drive against New York with no timeouts in 24 seconds.

His best single game: December 10, 2023, against Houston. He completed 27 of 36 passes for 301 yards, two touchdowns, zero interceptions, and a 117.9 passer rating — a career high. He won AFC Offensive Player of the Week. Then, the following week against Miami, he took a hit and suffered a concussion. He never played another game for the Jets.

His full Jets line: 33 starts, 566-of-993 passing, 6,293 yards, 23 touchdowns, 25 interceptions. On April 22, 2024, the Jets traded him to Denver along with a 2024 seventh-round pick (No. 256, Nick Gargiulo) in exchange for a 2024 sixth-round pick (No. 203). That pick eventually became Will Reichard, a kicker, via Minnesota. The Jets moved on for a sixth-round kicker pick. That’s the bluntest summary of how the front office viewed his ceiling by then.

Denver and Miami — Two Quiet Seasons

Wilson never played a regular-season snap for the Denver Broncos in 2024. Bo Nix was the starter. Wilson was the backup. He had a strong preseason — including a three-touchdown performance against Arizona in Week 3 that generated brief optimism — but once the regular season started, he stood on the sideline. Denver released him in March 2025.

Miami signed him to a one-year deal in March 2025 worth $6 million guaranteed, with a ceiling around $10 million through bonuses. He was brought in as insurance behind Tua Tagovailoa. Tyreek Hill publicly said he believed Wilson could be a starting quarterback in the NFL. That got attention. It didn’t change his playing time. Wilson appeared in four games for the Dolphins in 2025, completing 6 of 11 passes for 32 yards. His final appearance of the season came January 4, 2026, against New England. He became a free agent in March 2026.

New Orleans Saints, 2026

On March 25-26, 2026, the Saints signed Wilson to a one-year contract. General manager Mickey Loomis made the announcement. Wilson is QB2 in a room that includes starter Tyler Shough and Spencer Rattler. He will compete with Rattler for the backup spot.

He is 26 years old. That matters more than it might seem. Most quarterbacks who wash out of starting roles by 26 don’t return — but some do. Gardner Minshew made multiple stops before landing real minutes. Chad Henne backed up Patrick Mahomes in Kansas City for years and played when it counted. Wilson has the arm and the mobility; the question has always been consistency under pressure and processing speed when defenses disguise coverage. If Shough struggles or gets hurt, Wilson gets a live look. The Saints have a legitimate offensive line and a receiving room that’s not embarrassing. It’s a reasonable situation.

Career Statistics

Year	Team	G	GS	CMP	ATT	PCT	YDS	TD	INT	RTG
2021	NYJ	13	13	213	383	55.6%	2,334	9	11	69.7
2022	NYJ	9	9	132	242	54.5%	1,688	6	7	72.8
2023	NYJ	12	11	221	368	60.1%	2,271	8	7	77.2
2024	DEN	0	0	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
2025	MIA	4	0	6	11	54.5%	32	0	0	—
Career		38	33	572	1,004	57.0%	6,325	23	25	73.1

He also carries the ball — 96 career rushes for 499 yards and five touchdowns. His mobility is real, not just a scouting note.

Nicolette Dellanno — Marriage and Personal Life

Wilson and Nicolette Dellanno were first spotted together at a New York Yankees game in June 2022. She’s from New Jersey and works as a designer at Morgan & Co. in Manhattan. They kept things relatively quiet for two years before Wilson proposed during a trip to Italy’s Amalfi Coast in summer 2024. His Instagram caption: “To the love of my life, I never truly understood what love was until I met you. You’re not just my partner, but my best friend and my everything. I can’t wait to make a lifetime of memories with you, Nic.”

They married on June 28, 2025, at St. Patrick’s Cathedral in New York City. Wilson wore a tuxedo. Dellanno wore an off-the-shoulder gown. The reception was held at the Rainbow Room. His mother, Lisa Wilson, posted over 20 minutes of behind-the-scenes video to Instagram. Guests included former Broncos teammate Jarrett Stidham and his wife Kennedy. Wilson was 25; Dellanno was 23.

Contracts and Endorsements

His rookie deal with the Jets was four years, $35.15 million, fully guaranteed, with a $22.9 million signing bonus. His 2025 Miami contract paid $6 million guaranteed with upside to $10 million in incentives. The 2026 Saints deal is one year; specific financial terms haven’t been publicly confirmed.

On the endorsement side, he’s worked with Giorgio Armani, Verizon, Bose, Nike, and BMW. His net worth is estimated somewhere between $5 and $10 million depending on the source — a reasonable range given his rookie contract and subsequent deals, offset by the relatively modest backup money in Denver and Miami.

Why the Jets Years Went the Way They Did

The honest answer involves more than one cause. Wilson changed offensive coordinators four times in three seasons with the Jets. His first two years featured one of the worst offensive lines in the league — he was sacked or hit constantly, and his pocket instincts got worse because standing in the pocket kept getting him hurt. His processing speed under pressure has always been the knock. When he had clean pockets, his numbers improved. The 2023 Kansas City game is the cleanest evidence: protected, given time, he was genuinely good.

There’s also a real mechanical issue that showed up on film. Against zone coverage, particularly Cover 2, Wilson would lock onto his first read and either throw into coverage or take a sack. He never fully solved it at the NFL level. Whether that’s coachable at this point is the actual question hanging over his career — not talent, which was always there.

He turns 27 in August 2026. The Saints have no pressure on him to start. If he plays well in camp and the preseason, he has an argument. If Shough goes down, Wilson will get a real audition in a market that doesn’t have the same media pressure New York carried. That’s not nothing. It might be exactly what he needs.

Zach Thomas and the Miami Dolphins: From Fifth-Round Afterthought to Hall of Famer

Pick 154 in the 1996 NFL Draft. That’s where the Miami Dolphins took Zach Thomas out of Texas Tech – the 19th linebacker selected that year, in a class that also included Ray Lewis at pick 26. Miami drafted Thomas with special teams in mind. He was 5-foot-11, 228 pounds, and had put up a combine performance bad enough to scare off the other 153 picks before him.

He spent the next 12 years as the best linebacker in Dolphins history, leading the team in tackles in 10 of those seasons, making seven Pro Bowls, and finishing fifth all-time in NFL tackles. In 2008, a poll of all 32 NFL head coaches named him the smartest defensive player in football – edging Ray Lewis.

The Hall of Fame took until 2023, his 10th year of eligibility. By that point, it wasn’t even a surprise that he made it. The surprise was that it took that long.

From Pampa, Texas to the NFL

Thomas grew up in Pampa, a small oil-and-gas town in the Texas Panhandle. He went to White Deer High School before transferring to Pampa High his junior year – not exactly a recruiting pipeline to the NFL. Colleges barely noticed him.

Texas Tech did, and coach Spike Dykes built him into one of the best linebackers in school history. Thomas recorded 390 tackles across his college career, which still ranks fifth all-time at Tech. His senior year produced a moment Lubbock still talks about: a 23-yard interception return for a touchdown against Texas A&M, with 30 seconds left, to win the game. He finished that season as a unanimous first-team All-American, the Big 12 Defensive Player of the Year, and a Butkus Award finalist.

None of it moved the NFL much. He ran a slow 40 at the combine. Scouts saw a short, undersized linebacker with average athleticism who might be a liability in coverage. The Dolphins took him anyway, mostly because defensive coordinator Tom Olivadotti liked how he processed information before the snap.

That instinct – reading an offense before it moved – turned out to be worth more than four-tenths of a second in the 40.

Training Camp, 1996: Two Days to Win a Starting Job

Jimmy Johnson had just taken over as Miami’s head coach. He signed Jack Del Rio that offseason – a veteran linebacker who was supposed to start in the middle of the defense. Del Rio had five years of NFL experience. Thomas was a fifth-round pick who had never played a down of professional football.

Former Dolphins defensive end Kim Bokamper, who was covering the team as a television analyst in 1996, watched what happened during one of the first inside drills of training camp. “Some guy tries to go over the top,” Bokamper recalled, “and Zach jumped over and just hit him in the jaw.” Johnson watched. The next day, Thomas was the starting middle linebacker. Del Rio was cut before the season started and eventually found work as a strength and conditioning coach in New Orleans.

Thomas finished that first season with 154 combined tackles, three interceptions, two sacks, and the AFC Defensive Rookie of the Year award. The Dolphins also voted him team MVP. He was 22 years old and had never been anyone’s first choice.

The Career: Twelve Seasons, One Team, One Number

The consistency is what stands out when you look at his full statistical record. Thomas hit 100 tackles in each of his first 11 seasons. Not most seasons – each one, year after year, from 1996 through 2006. That includes the 2001 playoff game against Baltimore, where he posted 22 tackles (14 solo) in a single game.

His career totals: 1,734 tackles, 20.5 sacks, 17 interceptions for 170 yards, four touchdowns on interception returns (a Dolphins franchise record), 16 forced fumbles. He played 184 games in his career, starting 168 of them – the most starts by any defensive player in Dolphins history.

The honors accumulated in proportion. Seven Pro Bowls, the most of any Miami defender ever. Five first-team All-Pro selections (1998, 1999, 2002, 2003, 2006), two second-team (2001, 2005). Two NFL Linebacker of the Year awards. Named to the league’s All-Decade Team of the 2000s. First Dolphins player to win the team’s Leadership Award three times, voted by teammates.

He led Miami to five consecutive playoff appearances from 1997 through 2001. That stretch remains the last sustained playoff run in franchise history.

What Actually Made Him So Hard to Play Against

Peyton Manning faced Thomas eight times between 1998 and 2002. Manning’s passer rating across his career during that five-year stretch was 91.32. Against the Dolphins in those eight games, it dropped to 79.85. Indianapolis went 3-5 against Miami in that span, compared to a .638 overall winning percentage in those years.

Manning explained why in 2020: “The most unnerving thing about playing Miami was Zach Thomas calling out all of your plays. He caused the most problems for me of any player I ever faced.”

That quote gets cited a lot, but the mechanics behind it are worth understanding. Thomas studied film obsessively and memorized offensive tendencies down to specific formations, personnel groupings, and game situations. He’d stand at the line, watch the offense set, and call the play – out loud – before the snap. In a loud stadium, this is useless. But in the RCA Dome in Indianapolis, where crowd noise was minimal and Manning was calling his own audibles at the line, Thomas could essentially have the same conversation. Manning would change the play; Thomas had already considered what the audible was likely to be.

The 2008 coaches’ poll formalized what opponents had understood for years. All 32 head coaches were asked to name the smartest defensive player in football. Thomas won. Ray Lewis, who has two Super Bowl rings and is considered the gold standard at the position, finished second.

The Long Wait for Canton

Thomas became Hall of Fame eligible in 2014. He was named a finalist four consecutive years before finally being selected in February 2023 as part of the nine-man Class of 2023.

The stated knocks against him: he never won the NFL Defensive Player of the Year award, and his Dolphins teams, for all their defensive excellence, didn’t reach the Super Bowl. Both are fair observations. Brian Urlacher won DPOY in 2005 and got into the Hall on the first ballot in 2018, and that trajectory made some writers assume Thomas would follow quickly. He didn’t.

What’s genuinely hard to reconcile is that Thomas finished fifth all-time in tackles, made seven Pro Bowls, earned five first-team All-Pro selections, and was considered by his own peers and opponents to be the most intelligent player at his position in his era – and he still waited 10 years. Kevin Mawae, during his own Hall of Fame induction speech in 2019, named Thomas as the one active player he believed most deserved to be in Canton. That’s an unusual thing to do, and Mawae clearly felt strongly enough about it to use his own ceremony to say so.

The team context argument is also worth pushing back on. The Dolphins defense during Thomas’s prime years was genuinely dominant. They finished in the top 10 in total defense for seven straight seasons from 1998 through 2004, and top four in scoring defense three out of four years from 2000 through 2003. That unit included Jason Taylor and a secondary with Patrick Surtain and Sam Madison – but Thomas was the one Peyton Manning was calling out specifically as the source of his headaches.

Canton, August 5, 2023

Thomas was inducted alongside Ronde Barber, Darrelle Revis, DeMarcus Ware, Joe Thomas, Joe Klecko, Chuck Howley, Ken Riley, and coach Don Coryell.

The crowd at Tom Benson Hall of Fame Stadium in Canton was heavily weighted toward Dolphins fans in No. 54 jerseys, which surprised some observers given how long ago Thomas had played and how little playoff success Miami had enjoyed since. It didn’t surprise anyone who followed that franchise through the late 1990s and early 2000s. Thomas was the team’s defensive identity for over a decade.

His speech centered on Junior Seau, who had been Thomas’s teammate in Miami and who died in 2012. Thomas said Seau inspired him to become an NFL player, and that the two were now teammates again – both in the Pro Football Hall of Fame, both enshrined in Canton. It was the kind of tribute that landed harder because it was specific and because Thomas held it together just barely through it.

He is the 11th player or coach from the Miami Dolphins to be inducted into the Hall of Fame.

Where Thomas Sits in Dolphins History

The all-time leading tackler in franchise history. The most Pro Bowl selections of any Dolphins defensive player ever. Most starts by a Dolphins defender. First three-time winner of the franchise’s Leadership Award.

The comparison that comes up most among Dolphins fans is Thomas versus Urlacher – two middle linebackers of roughly the same era, similar physical limitations, comparable résumés. Urlacher has one fewer Pro Bowl selection (six to Thomas’s seven) and one more All-Pro honor. Urlacher won DPOY. Thomas won the coaches’ poll for smartest defender. Both are Hall of Famers now, but Thomas waited nearly a decade longer to get there.

Jason Taylor, Thomas’s teammate and brother-in-law, got into the Hall in 2017. The two defined Miami’s defensive identity for the better part of a decade, and there’s an argument that Thomas was the more indispensable of the two – Taylor could pressure the quarterback, but Thomas was the one calling the play before it happened.

Tom Brady said in 2021 that the worst games of his early career were against those early 2000s Dolphins defenses. He didn’t name Taylor first. He named the whole unit, but the unit ran through No. 54.

Zach Brown’s Year With the Bills: One Season, 149 Tackles, and a Pro Bowl Nobody Predicted

On April 4, 2016, the Buffalo Bills signed linebacker Zach Brown to a one-year, $1.25 million contract. Nobody wrote much about it. The Bills had just spent a second-round pick on Reggie Ragland out of Alabama, and Brown was the afterthought – penciled in as a backup the moment the ink dried. Then Ragland tore his ACL in training camp before a regular-season snap. Brown walked into a starting job, and by December he had 149 tackles, four sacks, two forced fumbles, and a Pro Bowl selection. The contract turned out to be the best $1.25 million the Bills spent that decade.

From Beaufort to Buffalo – The Background

Brown grew up in Beaufort, South Carolina, and attended Wilde Lake High School in Columbia, Maryland. He wasn’t just a football prospect – he won the Maryland state 3A championship in the 100-meter dash and went undefeated his senior wrestling season, taking the state title there too. That combination mattered later. His straight-line speed for a 250-pound linebacker was legitimately unusual, and it showed up every time he had open field in front of him.

He went to North Carolina, had a strong senior year (105 tackles, 13.5 TFLs, 5.5 sacks in 2011), and the Tennessee Titans took him in the second round of the 2012 draft, 52nd overall. Four years in Tennessee went sideways. He tore his pectoral muscle in the 2014 season opener, missed most of that season, and never fully locked down a starting role. By 2015 he finished with 77 combined tackles, a 69.9 PFF grade, and was ranked 30th among qualified linebackers. The Titans moved on. Brown hit free agency at 26 with something to prove and no obvious takers.

How a Torn ACL Made Zach Brown a Starter

The Bills signed Brown in early April 2016. General manager Doug Whaley said publicly that Ragland – the Crimson Tide’s decorated inside linebacker who’d won the 2015 SEC Defensive Player of the Year award – would start at weakside linebacker. Brown was going to back him up, maybe compete for a situational role. That was the plan.

August. Training camp. Ragland goes down with a knee injury and gets carted off. Surgery confirmed. IR. In less than 24 hours, Brown went from the most forgettable free-agent signing on the roster to a guaranteed starter in Rex Ryan’s defense. Buffalo Rumblings, which covers the Bills closely, noted at the time that Brown was actually better suited for coverage than the other linebacker options on the depth chart – which mattered in a scheme that asked its inside linebackers to handle tight ends and slot backs. The injury was Ragland’s misfortune. It was Brown’s opening.

What He Actually Did That Season

Through the first four weeks of the 2016 regular season, Brown had 35 solo tackles – more than any linebacker in the league, one ahead of Luke Kuechly. Mike Renner at Pro Football Focus tracked his run stops and pass stops separately; Brown led all off-ball linebackers in both categories through that stretch. The Bills were 2-2, nothing special, but their defense was getting noticed.

Week 4 is the game people remember. October 2, 2016, Gillette Stadium. The Bills beat the Patriots 16-0 – a shutout of New England, which the Bills hadn’t managed in years. Brown had 17 combined tackles (12 solo), forced two fumbles, and recorded a sack. He was named AFC Defensive Player of the Week. After the game, the Bills were 2-2 and nobody was writing him off anymore.

He finished the season with 149 combined tackles, 97 solo. Four sacks, four pass deflections, two forced fumbles, one interception. He started all 16 games – the first time in his career he’d done that. His tackle total was second in the entire NFL, behind only Bobby Wagner’s 167. Wagner was in his fourth Pro Bowl year with Seattle’s historically dominant defense. Brown was playing on a one-year bargain deal in Buffalo.

The Patriots Game and What It Showed

The Week 4 shutout deserves more than a stat line. Jacoby Brissett was starting for New England that day – Brady was serving his suspension, Jimmy Garoppolo had gotten hurt – and the Patriots offense was genuinely limited. Brown knew that. He also knew that a shutout of New England, however patchwork their quarterback situation, would get attention. He played like someone trying to make a statement rather than just finish a game.

The two forced fumbles in that game pushed his total to two for the season before October. His 17 tackles were a career single-game high. Rex Ryan, who had a complicated relationship with the media that year, didn’t complicate his assessment of Brown: the linebacker was playing at the level of the best in the league. That’s Ryan’s words paraphrased, but the sentiment wasn’t spin. Brown was legitimately in the conversation for Defensive Player of the Year through October.

Pro Bowl, All-Pro, and the End-of-Season Recognition

On December 20, the NFL named Brown a Pro Bowl alternate. A week later, the Bills fired Rex Ryan after a 7-9 finish. Anthony Lynn stepped in as interim head coach for the final game. Then, on January 23, 2017, the league confirmed Brown as a full Pro Bowl selection – a late replacement for Dont’a Hightower of the Patriots. He was also named Second-team All-Pro.

Lorenzo Alexander also made the Pro Bowl from that Bills defense – along with LeSean McCoy, Richie Incognito, Kyle Williams, and Stephon Gilmore. Six Pro Bowlers on a 7-9 team that missed the playoffs. The offense let down a defense that had no business being that good given the price the Bills paid to build it. Brown’s $1.25 million contract stood out even in that context. He was, by almost any honest accounting, the most cost-efficient defensive player in the NFL in 2016.

Why the Bills Didn’t Bring Him Back

Brown became an unrestricted free agent in March 2017. The Bills had interest – they met with him – but withdrew their offer before anything was signed. Rex Ryan was gone. The new regime under Sean McDermott was installing a 4-3 defense built around different linebacker demands. The Bills drafted Matt Milano in the fifth round and Tanner Vallejo in the sixth. They signed Gerald Hodges. The thinking, apparently, was that Ragland was finally healthy and would step into the role Brown had held.

Brown met with the Raiders, the Dolphins, the Redskins, and the Bills. He signed with Washington on April 3, 2017 – a one-year deal worth $2.3 million with $700,000 guaranteed. More money, different team. The Bills got Ragland back and went 9-7 in McDermott’s first year, ending a 17-year playoff drought. Whether Brown would have changed that either way is impossible to say, but the Bills didn’t seem to lose sleep over letting him walk.

The Rest of His Career

Washington was productive, if uneven. Brown started 25 of 29 games over two seasons with the Redskins, averaging 7.7 tackles per game. He made the PFF101 list in 2018 and earned a second-team All-Pro nod from PFF that year. Injuries started piling up. An oblique problem limited him late in 2018. The Redskins released him in March 2019.

Philadelphia signed him in May 2019 for $3 million, positioning him as a potential replacement for Jordan Hicks at middle linebacker. It didn’t work out – he was released in October after appearing in limited games. The Arizona Cardinals signed him November 1, released him six days later. That was it. He last appeared in an NFL game in 2019. Career totals: 664 tackles, 17.5 sacks, seven interceptions, six forced fumbles across 100 games.

Seventeen and a half sacks for an inside linebacker across a career is genuinely impressive – that number would stand out for most edge rushers. Brown racked them up from the interior, which is harder. The sack total doesn’t fully square with his reputation as primarily a coverage and tackle linebacker, which is one of the more interesting things about his career when you actually look at the full picture.

What the 2016 Season Actually Meant for the Bills

The Bills went 7-9 in 2016 and fired their head coach. That’s the headline version of that year. The defense gave up 17.1 points per game, which ranked ninth in the league. Brown was the anchor. Preston Brown handled the run-stuffing role next to him; Zach handled coverage and created plays in space. The pairing worked better than anyone had planned, partly because Ragland’s injury forced a configuration the Bills hadn’t specifically designed.

Rex Ryan built defenses around speed and scheme, and Brown’s straight-line athleticism fit that approach exactly. Buffalo Rumblings noted at the time that his 60-meter dash time from his North Carolina days was a genuine athletic outlier for his size. Put him behind Kyle Williams eating blocks and next to Preston Brown doing the dirty work, and the scheme created lanes Brown could exploit. He ran a lot of lateral shallow routes down in front of him, jumped throws he’d diagnosed before the snap, and made tackles in the backfield because he got there first.

One season. One contract. The Bills got more out of it than they paid for, by a wide margin, and then let him leave. That’s not a criticism – roster decisions in the NFL are made under constraints the public doesn’t fully see. But the 2016 Bills defense was legitimately good, Zach Brown was the best player on it, and nobody saw either of those things coming when he signed in April.

Youth Football Equipment List: Everything Your Child Needs Before the First Practice

You’re standing in a sporting goods store, your kid is bouncing off the walls excited, and you have absolutely no idea what half the things on the shelf are for. That’s how most parents enter youth football. The list looks overwhelming. It doesn’t have to be.

Before you buy a single thing, call the league. I mean this seriously — it’s the single step most first-time football parents skip, and it leads to hundreds of dollars in duplicate gear. Most organized programs (Pop Warner, school-affiliated leagues, NFL FLAG) supply a helmet, shoulder pads, game pants, and a jersey. Parents who don’t ask end up buying equipment their kid will never use.

Here’s what you actually need to know.

Required vs. Optional: The Honest Breakdown

For tackle football, the required equipment is: a NOCSAE-certified helmet with chin strap and facemask, shoulder pads, a mouthguard, padded football pants (with hip, thigh, knee, and tailbone protection), and cleats with molded rubber studs.

That’s the non-negotiable list. Everything else — gloves, visors, back plates, neck rolls, eye black — is optional.

For flag football, the list is dramatically shorter: a mouthguard, non-metal cleats, and shorts without pockets (pockets catch fingers during flag pulls). If your child plays in an NFL FLAG league, the belt, flags, and jersey come with registration.

The conventional wisdom is that flag football is just a starter sport before “real” tackle. I’d push back on that. Flag football is its own game with its own skill demands, and its equipment simplicity is a feature, not a limitation. Many kids play flag through middle school by choice, and the gear cost reflects that accessibility.

The Helmet: Where You Should Spend the Most Attention (Not Necessarily the Most Money)

This is the section that gets more space, because it deserves it.

A properly fitted helmet that costs $80 protects your child better than a $300 helmet that doesn’t fit. That’s not a knock on premium gear — it’s a statement about priority. Fit comes first, always.

To measure for a helmet, wrap a soft measuring tape around the widest part of your child’s head — about one inch above the eyebrows. That circumference (in inches or centimeters, depending on the manufacturer’s chart) maps to a helmet size. A properly fitted helmet sits level on the head, about an inch above the eyebrows, and does not rock side to side or front to back when you try to move it.

According to USA Football, helmets should be recertified annually by a NOCSAE-authorized reconditioning company. This is not optional for used helmets — it’s the only way to verify the equipment hasn’t been compromised by prior impacts. Never buy a used helmet for a child unless you can confirm it has been recently recertified. There is no way to visually inspect for internal foam degradation.

One thing many parents get wrong: they confuse the helmet’s certification sticker with proof of safety. A NOCSAE sticker means the helmet met minimum standards when manufactured. It does not mean the helmet is still safe after five seasons of use and a dozen hard hits.

The brands most commonly used in youth programs are Riddell and Schutt. Both make NOCSAE-certified youth models. Riddell’s Speed Flex Youth and Schutt’s F7 Youth are among the more widely used. Riddell also publishes a free online helmet fitting guide (content.riddell.com/ProperFit/) that walks parents through the process step by step — worth bookmarking before you shop.

Shoulder Pads: Fit Matters More Than Brand

Shoulder pads should sit squarely on the shoulders without hanging over the edge or riding up toward the ears. When your child raises their arms overhead, the pads should stay in position — not slide up and restrict movement.

For skill positions (quarterback, receiver, defensive back), lighter, lower-profile pads are appropriate. For linemen, larger pads with more coverage are the norm. At the youth level, this distinction matters less — most leagues use all-purpose youth pads — but it’s useful context as players get older.

If your league supplies shoulder pads and they fit well, don’t replace them. If the fit is poor or the pads are visibly worn, buying your own is a reasonable call. Expect to spend $40–$90 for a quality youth set.

Pants, Girdles, and the Pad Set Nobody Explains

Football pants come in two types: integrated and separate. Integrated pants have pads sewn directly into the fabric — convenient, but replacing worn pads requires replacing the pants. Separate-pad pants have pockets; you slide in the individual pads yourself.

The standard pad set for youth tackle football covers seven zones: two thigh pads, two knee pads, two hip pads, and a tailbone pad. Some leagues call this a “7-piece pad set.” Others sell it under different names, but the coverage is the same.

One thing worth knowing: many leagues require players to return game pants at the end of the season. If that’s the case with your program, you may want to buy a second pair of practice pants so your child isn’t wearing game pants to every weekday practice. They wear out faster than people expect.

Cleats: Molded Rubber for Almost Everyone

For youth players, molded rubber cleats are the right choice in nearly every situation. They work on grass and firm turf, they’re safer than detachable-stud cleats on hard ground, and they’re what most youth leagues require. Metal cleats are prohibited at all youth and flag football levels.

Detachable-stud cleats — where you can swap in different stud lengths for different field conditions — are an upgrade for older, more experienced players on soft or wet ground. For an 8-year-old in their first season, it’s a non-issue.

Fit should be snug, not tight. Because children’s feet grow quickly, parents often buy a half-size up “to get more use out of them.” A cleat that’s too large reduces stability and increases ankle injury risk. The performance difference between a $45 molded cleat and a $120 one is minimal at the youth level. Save the upgrade for a player who sticks with the sport.

What Does the League Provide vs. What Do You Buy?

This table reflects typical arrangements. Individual programs vary — confirm with your coach before purchasing.

Item	Usually League-Provided	Usually Parent’s Responsibility
Helmet	Often (tackle leagues)	If upgrading, or in travel programs
Shoulder Pads	Often (tackle leagues)	If ill-fitting or worn
Game Pants	Often (returned at season end)	Practice pants
Jersey	Yes (most programs)	—
Flag Belt & Flags	Yes (NFL FLAG programs)	—
Mouthguard	Rarely	Yes
Cleats	No	Yes
Gloves	No	Yes (if desired)
Socks & Athletic Bag	No	Yes

Three questions worth asking your coach before you spend anything: What does the program supply? Are helmets recertified before the season? What’s the return policy on gear at the end of the year?

Optional Gear That Actually Makes a Difference

Football gloves are the optional item most worth buying. A good pair improves grip on the ball — relevant for skill positions and useful in cold or wet conditions. The tacky palm material on models like Battle Sports’ Ultra-Stick genuinely helps with catches. Cost: $20–$45 for a solid youth pair.

A helmet visor is popular and inexpensive. Clear visors are legal in virtually all youth leagues; tinted visors often aren’t — check before you buy. The protection benefit against eye injury is real, even if the aesthetic appeal drives most purchase decisions among kids.

Back plates and neck rolls are position-specific items that most first-year players don’t need. Eye black is purely cosmetic. A wrist coach (the plastic band quarterbacks use to reference play calls) is only relevant if your child is actually calling plays.

Youth Football Equipment by Age Group

Many parents don’t realize that most organized programs for children under 8 use flag football, not tackle. Tackle football typically begins around age 8–10, depending on the organization and local league. USA Football recommends players have developed sufficient fundamental movement skills before entering tackle programs.

Ball size also scales with age: Pee Wee size (for ages 6–8), Junior size (ages 9–12), and Youth size (ages 13–14). Most leagues provide game balls; a practice ball at the correct size is worth having at home.

Helmet and pad sizing charts from manufacturers correspond to age and weight ranges. At younger ages (6U, 8U), the equipment differences are modest. By 12U and 14U, position-specific gear choices start mattering more.

How Much Should You Budget?

In my experience, parents routinely overestimate the upfront cost of tackle football and underestimate the ongoing costs. The first season, if your league supplies the major protective gear, you may spend $100–$150 on cleats, mouthguard, gloves, socks, and a practice ball. If you’re buying everything outright — helmet, pads, pants, the works — budget $250–$400 for starter-level gear, $400–$600 for mid-range.

Flag football is far more accessible: $40–$80 covers everything a parent typically needs to purchase.

For context, the Aspen Institute’s Project Play survey found that tackle football costs families roughly $581 per year on average — lower than soccer ($1,188) or basketball ($1,002), largely because tackle football isn’t a travel-sport at the recreational level. That number covers registration fees, equipment, and incidentals but not major equipment upgrades.

Used gear is fine for pants, girdles, gloves, and cleats. Never for helmets. Play It Again Sports locations carry quality used youth football equipment, and many leagues host end-of-season equipment swaps.

Gear Care Between Seasons

Football pads and pants can go in the washing machine — cold water, gentle cycle, air dry. Don’t put cleats in the dryer. Helmets should be wiped down with a damp cloth, never soaked. The interior foam padding can be removed and washed separately on most models.

The maintenance task most parents skip: having the helmet recertified before the next season starts. NOCSAE-certified reconditioning companies test and recertify helmets annually. Many youth programs handle this themselves for league-owned helmets. If you bought your child’s helmet privately, it’s your responsibility.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the minimum equipment a child needs to play youth tackle football?
A NOCSAE-certified helmet with chin strap and facemask, shoulder pads, padded football pants with hip/thigh/knee/tailbone protection, a mouthguard, and molded-stud cleats. Most leagues provide the first three through the program.

Is it safe to buy a used football helmet?
Only if it has been recently recertified by a NOCSAE-authorized reconditioning company. You cannot assess helmet integrity visually. When in doubt, don’t.

What’s the difference in equipment for flag vs. tackle football?
Flag football requires only a mouthguard and non-metal cleats from parents — no helmet or pads. NFL FLAG leagues provide the flag belt, flags, and jersey as part of registration.

At what age do kids start tackle football?
Typically age 8–10, though this varies by league and organization. Most programs for children under 8 use flag football.

Do football cleats and soccer cleats work interchangeably?
Soccer cleats can substitute for flag football. For tackle football, dedicated football cleats are preferable — they offer better ankle support and toe cleat placement optimized for the sport’s movements.

How do I know if my child’s helmet fits correctly?
The helmet should sit level, approximately one inch above the eyebrows. It should not rock forward, backward, or side to side when gripped. The chin cup should be centered, and the chinstrap snug. Use the manufacturer’s circumference chart to find the right size before purchasing.

One last thing that tends to get lost in all the gear talk: the helmet your child wears to practice every Tuesday is more important than the jersey they wear on Saturday. Practice is where the real contact happens, and it’s where equipment gets tested most. Whatever you decide to upgrade, start there.

Xavier Worthy — Speed, Stats, and What Comes Next for the Chiefs’ Fastest Weapon

From Fresno to First Round

Xavier Worthy grew up in Fresno, California, which doesn’t produce first-round NFL receivers all that often. He attended Central East High School there, showed enough to earn a commitment to Michigan, then flipped to Texas — a decision that changed everything about how his story unfolded.

At Texas, he was immediately different. Not just fast, but ready. As an 18-year-old true freshman in 2021, he caught 68 passes for 981 yards and 12 touchdowns, breaking school freshman records that had belonged to Roy Williams since 2000. Williams went on to be a Pro Bowl receiver for the Cowboys. Worthy erased his marks as a teenager.

The Red River Shootout that year was something else entirely — nine catches, 261 yards against Oklahoma, in one of college football’s most hostile environments for a visitor. That game alone put scouts on notice.

Three Years at Texas — The Numbers Tell It Straight

His sophomore season dipped slightly: 60 receptions, 760 yards, 9 touchdowns. Good, but not the explosion of Year 1. He bounced back as a junior with 75 catches, 1,014 yards, 5 touchdowns — and quietly led the entire NCAA in punt return yards with 371, also scoring on a return. That dual threat as a pass catcher and returner earned him All-Big 12 first-team honors at both positions.

Over three seasons at Texas he caught 197 passes for 2,755 yards and 26 touchdowns, which ranks third all-time in school history. He also maintained a streak of catching at least one pass in 25 consecutive games — eighth longest in program history. That streak matters more than people credit. It’s not a flashy stat. It says something about how consistently he got open when it counted.

He declared for the draft after his junior year. At that point, his ceiling was obvious. His floor was the only real debate.

The NFL Combine — 4.21 Seconds

John Ross ran a 4.22 at the 2017 NFL Combine and that record stood for seven years. Worthy broke it with a 4.21.

One hundredth of a second. On paper it’s nothing. In context, it’s the difference between being a fast receiver and being the fastest person ever timed in that event. Combine it with a 41-inch vertical and a 131-inch broad jump and the athleticism picture gets clearer: this isn’t a one-trick track guy. His explosion is genuine across multiple planes of movement.

The Chiefs didn’t just take him — they traded up to get him. Kansas City acquired the 28th overall pick from Buffalo and spent it on Worthy. That’s front office conviction. Brett Veach doesn’t give away assets casually, and he gave away one to move up specifically for this player. Worthy signed a four-year rookie contract worth $13.79 million, fully guaranteed.

Rookie Year — First Touch, First Score, Then a Grind

September 5, 2024. Week 1 against Baltimore. Worthy’s first touch in the NFL was a 21-yard touchdown run. His second notable play was a 35-yard receiving touchdown. Two scores. The Chiefs won 27-20.

What happened next is why the rookie season is complicated to evaluate. Through the first three weeks he was on a limited snap count. Weeks 5 through 10 he ran 28 routes and caught 11 passes for 92 yards. Defenses had figured out a simple answer: roll coverage his way, take away the deep ball, make him beat them underneath. For five straight games, it worked. His target rate collapsed and his catch rate on those targets was ugly.

He talked about that stretch openly. “They would just mix up the coverages, make sure nothing got past them,” he said. Patrick Mahomes described how much Worthy’s absence hurt the offense when he was limited — not just his production, but the spacing he creates for everyone else.

The back half of the season is what made evaluators bullish heading into 2025. From Week 11 through Week 17, he averaged 7.9 targets per game, 5.6 catches, and 56 yards. He was the WR19 in fantasy points per game over that stretch. That’s a legitimately useful receiver, not just a gadget player. His final regular season line: 59 receptions, 638 yards, 6 receiving touchdowns, and 3 rushing touchdowns across 17 games.

Super Bowl LIX — A Record in a Loss

The Chiefs lost to Philadelphia 40-22. Worthy had 8 catches for 157 yards and 2 touchdowns.

His 157 receiving yards set a new Super Bowl record for a rookie receiver, surpassing the 109-yard marks held jointly by Torry Holt (Super Bowl XXXIV) and Chris Matthews (Super Bowl XLIX). He also became the first Texas Longhorn to ever score a touchdown in a Super Bowl. The 51-yard strike from Mahomes in the first half was the kind of play that makes defensive coordinators lose sleep, and the 24-yard touchdown catch showed he could work in tight spaces too.

The loss stings for everyone on that roster. But Worthy’s night existed independently of it. He was, by any reasonable measure, one of the best players on the field.

2025 — Everything That Could Go Wrong Did

Three snaps into the season opener against the Los Angeles Chargers in São Paulo, Worthy dislocated his right shoulder after colliding with Travis Kelce on crossing routes going opposite directions. He missed Weeks 2 and 3. When he came back in Week 4 against Baltimore he went for 83 receiving yards and 38 rushing yards — both career highs at the time — and briefly looked like the breakout was finally happening.

It wasn’t. The shoulder lingered. An ankle issue surfaced in Week 5. Over the rest of the season he had just one touchdown in 14 games and finished as the WR59 in fantasy points, down from WR33 in his rookie year. His per-target numbers were rough — on passes thrown 20-plus yards downfield, he caught just 4 of 16 targets for 137 yards all season. The Chiefs, meanwhile, missed the playoffs for the first time in a decade.

A fair reading of 2025: the injury cost him the season. He was never healthy. His 165-pound frame made a dislocated shoulder a genuinely difficult thing to play through, and his production showed it. Final numbers: 42 receptions, 532 yards, 1 touchdown on 73 targets across 14 games.

What Kind of Player Is He, Actually?

The speed is real and it matters in ways beyond the highlight reel. Among the 54 wide receivers with at least 75 regular-season targets in 2024, only five generated more average separation than Worthy, according to NFLPro data. That’s not a speed metric. That’s a route-running and release metric. It means he wins at the top of routes, not just in a foot race down the sideline.

He lines up all over the formation — outside wide, in the slot, in the backfield for jet sweeps, as a punt returner. Andy Reid’s offense likes to move weapons around, and Worthy fits that system better than almost any receiver in the league would. When Hollywood Brown returned from injury in late 2024, Worthy’s alignment shifted in ways that actually helped both players: Brown stretched the field deep while Worthy moved into the slot more often, where his separation ability really shows.

The honest concern is size. At 5-foot-11 and 165 pounds, he’s one of the lightest receivers in the NFL — a lower BMI than DeVonta Smith, for context. He can get knocked around at the line of scrimmage. He’s already missed meaningful time to injury in both professional seasons. That’s not a disqualifier, but it’s a real factor in projecting him.

The Tyreek Hill Comparison — Where It Holds and Where It Doesn’t

People make this comparison because the surface details line up: elite speed, Kansas City, Patrick Mahomes, Andy Reid. It’s not wrong to make it. It’s incomplete.

Hill ran a 4.29 at his combine. Worthy’s 4.21 is actually faster. Hill weighed 185 pounds entering the league; Worthy is 20 pounds lighter. Hill had a breakout second season — WR4 in fantasy in 2017 after a modest 2016. Worthy did not replicate that arc. The pattern PlayerProfiler noted — that Chiefs receivers drafted by Kansas City tend to have a second-half breakout in their rookie year followed by a strong second season — held for Hill and Rashee Rice. For Worthy, the second season went backward.

That doesn’t mean the comparison is worthless. It means Year 3 is probably the most important year of Worthy’s career. Hill became who he became by his third season. Worthy still has time.

Fantasy Football — When to Trust Him and When Not To

In dynasty leagues, Worthy is a buy-low candidate. His current ranking is around WR50 in most dynasty systems, which reflects the 2025 disappointment but arguably undersells the long-term setup. He’s 23 years old. He plays with Patrick Mahomes. The Chiefs haven’t added a significant receiver to compete with him for targets. New offensive coordinator Eric Bieniemy may create more designed touches that fit his skills.

For redraft and DFS, the answer is situational. When Rashee Rice was suspended in 2025, Worthy averaged 12.8 PPR fantasy points per game. When Rice was active and healthy, Worthy’s production thinned considerably. His value is real — it just depends almost entirely on Rice’s availability.

His 2026 ADP is currently in the late rounds on most platforms, which prices in the 2025 regression almost completely. If he stays healthy through a full season, that price looks wrong quickly.

The Arrest and Off-Field Questions

On March 7, 2025, Worthy was arrested on an alleged assault charge involving a family member, later identified as his fiancée Tia Jones. He had proposed to Jones in July 2024. As of the time of writing, legal proceedings were ongoing. The NFL’s personal conduct policy was cited as a potential issue heading into 2026, though no formal suspension had been announced.

This is a legitimate concern for anyone evaluating him as a player or a fantasy asset, and it deserves to be named plainly rather than buried.

2026 — The Case For and Against a Bounce-Back

The case for: Worthy is 23, playing for the best quarterback in the NFL, in a system designed by one of the best offensive minds in football history. The Chiefs’ receiver depth chart is thin. If he’s healthy, he’s the WR2. His second-half 2024 target volume showed what a full season of that usage looks like. His Super Bowl performance showed he can perform when games are biggest.

The case against: He’s been injured in both NFL seasons. His size makes that a structural concern, not random bad luck. His per-route metrics in 2025 were poor even accounting for the shoulder. Rice will be healthy and will take targets. The Chiefs’ offense also lost Travis Kelce to retirement, which reshapes the entire target distribution in ways that are genuinely hard to predict.

One thing worth tracking in the offseason: whether Worthy adds weight. He reportedly worked on adding muscle heading into 2025. If he enters 2026 at 170-plus pounds and stays healthy through training camp, that changes the durability math meaningfully.

The honest projection sits somewhere between WR25 and WR40. Wide range. That’s what you get with a player this volatile in this specific situation. What’s not volatile is his talent. On his best days, he’s one of the hardest players in football to cover. The question has always been how many of those days he can string together in a single season.